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H Modern World History > Unit 1: Ancient Greece and Rome > Flashcards

Unit 1: Ancient Greece and Rome Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was Octavian?

A

A successful general and Julius Caesar’s grandnephew who won and become first Emperor of Rome.

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2
Q

What was the time period of the Classical Age

A

4th and 5th Century BC

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3
Q

2 largest city-states during the Classical Age

A

Athens and Sparta

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4
Q

What was Athenian government system?

A

Direct Democracy

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5
Q

What was Spartan government system?

A

Oligarchy

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6
Q

Greco-Persian Wars

A

the Athenians and the Spartans combined forces to defeat the Persians

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7
Q

Peloponnesian War

A

The Spartans defeated the Athenians

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8
Q

Herodotus

A

The first historian

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9
Q

Meaning of “history”

A

Greek word for “investigation”

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10
Q

Pericles

A

Athenian statesman who promoted democracy, art, education, and the restoration of buildings atop the Acropolis, including the Parthenon

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11
Q

True or False: The Greeks were polytheistic

A

True

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12
Q

Pierre de Coubertin

A

French historian who revived the Olympic Games in 1896 as a way of fostering international peace and friendship

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13
Q

Socrates

A

Taught Plato; “Know thyself” “Question everything”; developed Socratic Method; only the pursuit of goodness brings about happiness

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14
Q

Plato

A

Taught Aristotle; Wrote The Republic; distrusted democracy after the death penalty was ordered for Socrates; believed that society was divided into 3 classes: workers, soldiers, philosophers to rule (philosopher-king)

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15
Q

Aristotle

A

Taught Alexander the Great; Wrote Politics; believed the people could effectively govern themselves; Wrote the Athenian Constitution

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16
Q

Alexander the Great

A

a Macedonian king; Conquered 2000 sq. miles around the Mediterranean

17
Q

Hellenistic Age

A

the term for the blend of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures during the 4th and 3rd century BC

18
Q

Punic Wars

A

By the 2nd century BC, Greece was weaker, and Rome defeated Carthage in the Punic Wars.

19
Q

Hannibal

A

a Carthaginian general whose army rode elephants

20
Q

How was Roman society divided?

A

oman society was divided into patricians (upper class) and plebeians (common people) when Rome became a republic (indirect democracy)

21
Q

Who made the laws in Roman Republic

A

300 members of the senate

22
Q

Who made the laws in Roman Republic

A

300 members of the senate

23
Q

Who made the laws in Roman Republic

A

300 members of the senate

24
Q

Who made the laws in Roman Republic

A

300 members of the senate

25
Q

Who selected the members of the senate

A

the patricians

26
Q

What did the 2 consuls do

A

supervised the senate and led the army

27
Q

What did the 10 members of tribunes do

A

protected their (plebeians’) interests with a veto

28
Q

What did Julius Caesar achieve

A

conquered Gaul (Frances); gave the poor public land and jobs on public works projects after forcing the senate to make him dictator

29
Q

Marc Anthony

A

an unsuccessful general who had supported Julius Caesar and committed suicide during the civil war

30
Q

Cicero

A

a supporter of the republic who was killed during the civil war

31
Q

Octavian

A

a successful general & Julius Caesar’s grandnephew who won and became Augustus Caesar, the first Emperor of Rome

32
Q

Pax Romana

A

the period of relative prosperity and stable government over the next 200 years after the Roman Empire began and when Octavian was ruling

33
Q

Emperor Nero

A

notorious; waged war on Judea, executed his own mother, “fiddled while Roman burned”

34
Q

Emperor Titus

A

Emperor Nero’s successor who was a tyrant with a turbulent reign.

35
Q

Jesus was crucified during the reign of _______

A

Emperor Tiberius

36
Q

Emperor Constantine

A

moved the capital from Rome in the West to Istanbul (Constantinople) in the East; passed the Edict of Milan, granting freedom of worship to all people in the Roman Empire

37
Q

Who brought down the Roman Empire

A

the Visigoths (Germans)

38
Q

Parthenon

A

a temple designed to show the power and importance of the city as well their reverence to the goddess of wisdom, Athena

39
Q

What event destroyed the city of Pompeii

A

Mt. Vesuvius eruption

H Modern World History (12 decks)

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