Unit 7 - Safeguarding - LO1 - Types and signs of abuse

Question 1

What is abuse?

Answer 1

A form of maltreatment of a child or adult.

Involves inflicting harm or failing to act to prevent harm.

Question 2

What are the 9 types of abuse?

Answer 2

Physical
Sexual
Emotional
Neglect
Financial
Institutional
Bullying
Discrimination
Exploitation

Question 3

What is physical abuse?

Answer 3

Deliberately harming or hurting a child or an adult. This can include hitting, kicking, shaking, throwing, poisoning, burning, biting, breaking bones and drowning.

Question 4

What is sexual abuse?

Answer 4

Forcing or tricking a child or adult into sexual activities. A child may not understand what is happening and they may not realise that it is wrong. This can include sexual touching of any part of the body, assault by raping or penetrating or involving children in looking at sexual images.

Question 5

What is emotional abuse?

Answer 5

Persistent emotional maltreatment of a child causing severe and persistent effects on the child’s emotional development. This can include humiliating or constantly criticising a child, threatening a child, making hurtful jokes, blaming, exposing a child to upsetting events, ignoring or manipulating a child.

Question 6

What is neglect?

Answer 6

Ongoing failure to meet a child’s basic needs. This can include leaving a child hungry, dirty, without proper clothing, shelter, supervision or health care. This can have long term effects on their physical and mental well being.

Question 7

What is financial abuse?

Answer 7

Misuse or misappropriation of property, possessions or benefits. It includes theft, fraud and exploitation.

Question 8

What is institutional abuse?

Answer 8

Neglect and poor care practice within an institution or specific care setting like a hospital or care home.

Question 9

What is bullying?

Answer 9

Behaviour that is repeated, intended to hurt someone and often aimed at certain groups. It can include physical assault, teasing, name calling, making threats and cyberbullying.

Question 10

What is discrimination?

Answer 10

Treating a person less favourably on either race, gender, gender identity, disability, sexual orientation, religion and other forms of harassment, slurs or similar treatment.

Question 11

What is exploitation?

Answer 11

Unfairly manipulating someone for profit or personal gain, either opportunistically or premeditated, often when the abuser pretends to be their friend.

Question 12

What are the signs to recognise physical abuse?

Answer 12

Unexplained injuries that are the shape of objects, finger marks, bruises, black eyes, fractures, breaks, cuts, scars, scratches, bite or slap marks, burns, weight loss.

Question 13

What are the symptoms to recognise physical abuse?

Answer 13

Individual becoming anxious or fearful in particular in the presence of the abuser, less confident, withdrawn, deterioration in health, reluctance to undress in front of others.

Question 14

What are the signs to recognise sexual abuse?

Answer 14

Bruises, scratches, soreness, or bleeding around genital and rectal areas, incontinence, pregnancy, blood on clothing, unexplained stomach pains and cramps.

Question 15

What are the symptoms to recognise sexual abuse?

Answer 15

Individual becoming withdrawn, anxious, frustrated, aggressive, displaying inappropriate uninhibited sexual behaviour, reluctance to undress.

Question 16

What are the signs to recognise emotional abuse?

Answer 16

The individual avoiding making eye contact, being fearful and anxious, incontinence, self-harming, the individual telling you that they are not worthy and not able.

Question 17

What are the symptoms to recognise emotional abuse?

Answer 17

Individual displaying changes in eating and sleeping, low self-esteem, becoming withdrawn from people and situations, having mood swings, anxious, fearful, frustrated, aggressive.

Question 18

What are the signs to recognise neglect?

Answer 18

Poor standards of care by others that do not meet the individual’s needs, eg. poor personal hygiene, malnourishment, dehydration, dirty surroundings, development of pressure sores, untreated medical conditions, repeated falls. Self-neglect can include unexplained injuries to arms, face and body including bruises, scratches and cuts.

Question 19

What are the symptoms to recognise neglect?

Answer 19

Individual becoming anxious, depressed, suicidal thoughts, withdrawn. Individuals becoming passive, social withdrawal, losing interest in themselves and their values in life.

Question 20

What are the signs to recognise financial abuse?

Answer 20

Unexplained lack of money or wish to spend money, sudden debts and unpaid bills, possessions disappearing, sudden changing of the individual’s will, enduring power of attorney obtained when individual is unable to consent.

Question 21

What are the symptoms to recognise financial abuse?

Answer 21

Individual becoming anxious over money and increasingly talking about inability to make payments and buy items.

Question 22

What are the signs to recognise institutional abuse?

Answer 22

Poor working practices and low standards of care and support, inadequate staffing, withholding as well as lack of access to care, support, activities and visitors, failure to uphold individual’s rights to choice, privacy and dignity.

Question 23

What are the symptoms to recognise institutional abuse?

Answer 23

Individual becoming withdrawn, passive, frustrated, feeling isolated, social withdrawal, losing interest in themselves and others.

Question 24

What are the signs to recognise bullying?

Answer 24

Unexplained physical injuries, asking for or stealing money to give to a bully, self-harming that can include bruises, scratches and cuts.

Question 25

What are the symptoms to recognise bullying?

Answer 25

Individual becoming fearful of going out and carrying out day-to-day activities, anxious, withdrawn. Low self-esteem, changes in eating and sleeping, suicidal thoughts.

Question 26

What are the signs to recognise discrimination?

Answer 26

Failure to respect an individual’s needs, exclusion from activities or services, a cold or intolerant attitude towards the individual.

Question 27

What are the symptoms to recognise discrimination?

Answer 27

Individual becoming withdrawn from people and situations, anxious, withdrawn, low self-esteem, frustrated.

Question 28

What are the signs to recognise exploitation?

Answer 28

Unexplained physical injuries, bills not being paid, losing weight.

Question 29

What are the symptoms to recognise exploitation?

Answer 29

Individual becoming withdrawn from people and situations, low self-esteem, mood swings, changes in friends.