Unit 7: Introduction to Senses

Question 1

What do the pupillary dilator (radial) muscles do?

Answer 1

dilate the pupil

Question 2

What does the pupillary constrictor (sphincter) muscle do?

Answer 2

constrict the pupil

Question 3

What does decreased light intensity cause? (2)

Answer 3

• the pupil to dilate
• increase sympathetic stimulation

Question 4

What does increase light intensity cause? (2)

Answer 4

• the pupil will constrict
• increase parasympathetic stimulation

Question 5

How many tunics of the eye are there?

Answer 5

3

Question 6

What are the tunics of the eye from superficial to deep? (3)

Answer 6

• fibrous
• vascular
• neural

Question 7

What is in the fibrous tunic? (2)

Answer 7

• cornea
• sclera

Question 8

What is in the vascular tunic? (2)

Answer 8

• pupil
• choroid

Question 9

What is in the choroid? (2)

Answer 9

• iris
• ciliary body

Question 10

Cornea

Answer 10

transparent outer covering

Question 11

Sclera

Answer 11

protective CT

Question 12

Pupil

Answer 12

allows light to enter

Question 13

Choroid

Answer 13

contains blood vessels

Question 14

Iris

Answer 14

muscles that control the size of the pupil

Question 15

Ciliary body

Answer 15

attaches ring of muscles to lens

Question 16

Lens

Answer 16

• focuses light onto the retina

Question 17

What is the focal point of the retina?

Answer 17

fovea

Question 18

What can cause vision problems? (2)

Answer 18

• a lens that does not precisely bend
• a cornea that has the wrong curvature

Question 19

Myopic

Answer 19

near-sighted

Question 20

Hyperopic

Answer 20

far-sighted

Question 21

Cataracts

Answer 21

the result of the lens hardening and losing transparency

Question 22

What is the anterior cavity filled with?

Answer 22

a watery like aqueous humor

Question 23

What is the posterior cavity filled with?

Answer 23

a gel-like vitreous humor

Question 24

What do the fluids in the eye do?

Answer 24

help maintain the shape

Question 25

Glaucoma

Answer 25

the result of when the aqueous humor does not drain properly and causes the compression of the delicate retina and optic nerve

Question 26

What does a glaucoma commonly cause?

Answer 26

blindness in the elderly

Question 27

What is the visual pathway? (6)

Answer 27

- retina - optic nerves - optic chiasma - optic tracts - thalamus - visual cortex

Question 28

Retina (3)

Answer 28

- where light is absorbed by photoreceptor cells at the posterior surface - contains photoreceptors that absorb light (rods and cones) - has the fovea and blind spot

Question 29

What do rods receive? (2)

Answer 29

light and dark

Question 30

What do cones receive?

Answer 30

color

Question 31

Fovea

Answer 31

densely packed with cones

Question 32

Blind spot

Answer 32

optic nerve attachment with no rods or cones

Question 33

What provides the pigment for blue eyes?

Answer 33

pigmented epithelium of the retina posterior to the iris