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Anatomy & Physiology > Unit 7: Introduction to Senses > Flashcards

Unit 7: Introduction to Senses Flashcards

1
Q

What do the pupillary dilator (radial) muscles do?

A

dilate the pupil

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2
Q

What does the pupillary constrictor (sphincter) muscle do?

A

constrict the pupil

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3
Q

What does decreased light intensity cause? (2)

A
  • the pupil to dilate
  • increase sympathetic stimulation
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4
Q

What does increase light intensity cause? (2)

A
  • the pupil will constrict
  • increase parasympathetic stimulation
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5
Q

How many tunics of the eye are there?

A

3

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6
Q

What are the tunics of the eye from superficial to deep? (3)

A
  • fibrous
  • vascular
  • neural
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7
Q

What is in the fibrous tunic? (2)

A
  • cornea
  • sclera
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8
Q

What is in the vascular tunic? (2)

A
  • pupil
  • choroid
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9
Q

What is in the choroid? (2)

A
  • iris
  • ciliary body
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10
Q

Cornea

A

transparent outer covering

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11
Q

Sclera

A

protective CT

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12
Q

Pupil

A

allows light to enter

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13
Q

Choroid

A

contains blood vessels

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14
Q

Iris

A

muscles that control the size of the pupil

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15
Q

Ciliary body

A

attaches ring of muscles to lens

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16
Q

Lens

A
  • focuses light onto the retina
17
Q

What is the focal point of the retina?

A

fovea

18
Q

What can cause vision problems? (2)

A
  • a lens that does not precisely bend
  • a cornea that has the wrong curvature
19
Q

Myopic

A

near-sighted

20
Q

Hyperopic

A

far-sighted

21
Q

Cataracts

A

the result of the lens hardening and losing transparency

22
Q

What is the anterior cavity filled with?

A

a watery like aqueous humor

23
Q

What is the posterior cavity filled with?

A

a gel-like vitreous humor

24
Q

What do the fluids in the eye do?

A

help maintain the shape

25
Q

Glaucoma

A

the result of when the aqueous humor does not drain properly and causes the compression of the delicate retina and optic nerve

26
Q

What does a glaucoma commonly cause?

A

blindness in the elderly

27
Q

What is the visual pathway? (6)

A
  • retina
  • optic nerves
  • optic chiasma
  • optic tracts
  • thalamus
  • visual cortex
28
Q

Retina (3)

A
  • where light is absorbed by photoreceptor cells at the posterior surface
  • contains photoreceptors that absorb light (rods and cones)
  • has the fovea and blind spot
29
Q

What do rods receive? (2)

A

light and dark

30
Q

What do cones receive?

A

color

31
Q

Fovea

A

densely packed with cones

32
Q

Blind spot

A

optic nerve attachment with no rods or cones

33
Q

What provides the pigment for blue eyes?

A

pigmented epithelium of the retina posterior to the iris

Anatomy & Physiology (9 decks)

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