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anatomy & physiology > Unit 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Unit 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

all body systems working together to maintain a stable internal environment

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2
Q

Positive Feedback

A

response amplifies the stimulus, causing the feedback loop to repeat until the desired response is reached and homeostasis is restored

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3
Q

Negative Feedback

A

variation triggers a response that corrects situation

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4
Q

Stimulus

A

Anything that provokes a response in an organism

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5
Q

Receptor

A

receives/detects a stimulus

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6
Q

Control Center/Integrator

A

processes signal & determines response

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7
Q

Effector

A

carries out response

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8
Q

Anatomical Position

A

hands at sides, palms forward

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9
Q

Supine

A

lying face up

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10
Q

Prone

A

lying face down

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11
Q

Superior

A

being closer to the head or higher than another structure of the body

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12
Q

Inferior

A

being closer to the feet or the lower part of the body than another structure in the body

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13
Q

Anterior

A

being more in the front than another structure in the body

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14
Q

Posterior

A

being more in the back then another structure in the body

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15
Q

Medial

A

being closer to the median plane than another structure in the body

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16
Q

Lateral

A

being further away from the median place then another structure in the body

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17
Q

Proximal

A

only used with the limbs, being closer to the median place or the root of the limb than another structure in the limb

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18
Q

Distal

A

only used with limbs being further away from the median plane or the root of the limb than another structure in the limb

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19
Q

Superficial

A

closer to the surface

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20
Q

Deep

A

further away from the surface

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21
Q

Sagittal

A

a sagittal plane separates right and left portions

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22
Q

Midsagittal

A

the plane passes through the midline dividing the body in half and separating the left and right sides

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23
Q

Frontal

A

separates the anterior and posterior portions of the body

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24
Q

Transverse

A

separates the superior and inferior portions of the body

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25
Q

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)

A

1

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26
Q

Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)

A

2

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27
Q

Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)

A

3

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28
Q

Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

A

4

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29
Q

Abdominopelvic Quadrants

A

way the abdomen and pelvis can be divided into four parts

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30
Q

Abdominopelvic Regions

A

why the abdomen and pelvis can be divided into nine parts

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31
Q

Right hypochondriac region

A

1

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32
Q

Left hypochondriac region

A

3

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33
Q

Right lumbar region

A

4

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34
Q

Left lumbar region

A

6

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35
Q

Right inguinal region

A

7

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36
Q

Left inguinal region

A

9

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37
Q

Epigastric region

A

2

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38
Q

Umbilical region

A

5

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39
Q

Hypogastric (pubic) region

A

8

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40
Q

Body Cavities

A

Function to protect, separate, and support internal organs

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41
Q

Serous Membrane

A

line body cavities & secrete serous fluid to prevent friction b/w organs and cavity walls

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42
Q

Parietal lining

A

outer lining

43
Q

Visceral Lining

A

inner lining in contact w/ organs

44
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

contains brain

45
Q

Dorsal Cavity

A

contains cranial and spinal cavity

46
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

contains spinal cord

47
Q

Ventral Cavity

A

contains thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

48
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

contains pleural, pericardial, and mediastinum cavities

49
Q

Pleural Cavities

A

contains lungs

50
Q

Pericardial Cavities

A

contains heart

51
Q

Mediastinum

A

contains trachea, thymus, and esophagus

52
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

contains abdominal and pelvic cavities

53
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

contains digestive organs

54
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

contains end of large intestine, reproductive organs, rectum, bladder

55
Q

Radiology

A

the science dealing with X-rays and other high-energy radiation, especially the use of such radiation for the diagnosis and treatment of disease

56
Q

CT (computerized tomography)

A

rotating x-rays produce 3D cross-section

57
Q

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

A

clear details of soft tissue (no radiation)

58
Q

PET (positron emission tomography)

A

nuclear medicine used to measure metabolic activity of organs

59
Q

Ultrasound

A

images from reflected sound waves

60
Q

Acromial

A

shoulder

61
Q

Antebrachium/Antebrachial

A

forearm

62
Q

Antecubital/Antecubitis

A

front of elbow

63
Q

Axillary/Axilla

A

armpit

64
Q

Brachial/Brachium

A

arm

65
Q

Buccal

A

cheek

66
Q

Carpal/Carpus

A

wrist

67
Q

Cephalic/Cephalon

A

head

68
Q

Cervical/Cervicis

A

neck

69
Q

Coxal

A

hip

70
Q

Crural

A

leg

71
Q

Deltoid

A

triangular shoulder muscle

72
Q

Digital/Digit

A

fingers or toes

73
Q

Femoral

A

thigh

74
Q

Frontal

A

forehead

75
Q

Inguinal

A

groin

76
Q

Mental/Mentis

A

chin

77
Q

Nasal/Nasus

A

nose

78
Q

Oral/Oris

A

mouth

79
Q

Otic

A

ear

80
Q

Patellar/Patella

A

knee

81
Q

Pectoral/Mamma/Mammary

A

breast

82
Q

Pedal/Pes

A

whole foot

83
Q

Pelvic

A

pelvis

84
Q

Pubis

A

Pubic

85
Q

Sternal/Thoracis/Thoracic

A

Chest region between breasts

86
Q

Tarsal/Tarsus

A

ankle

87
Q

Umbilical/Umbilicus/Naval

A

belly button

88
Q

Orbital/Occular

A

eyes

89
Q

Hallux

A

big toe

90
Q

Palmar

A

palm

91
Q

Pollex

A

thumb

92
Q

Abdominal

A

abdomen

93
Q

Calcaneal/Calcaneus

A

heel of foot

94
Q

Gluteal/Gluteus

A

butt

95
Q

Lumbar/Loin

A

lower back

96
Q

Occipital

A

back of head

97
Q

Olecranal/Olecranon

A

back of elbow

98
Q

Plantar/Planta

A

sole of foot

99
Q

Popliteal/Popliteus

A

back of knee

100
Q

Sacral

A

coccyx or tailbone

101
Q

Scapular/Dorsum/Dorsal

A

shoulder blades

102
Q

Sural

A

calf

103
Q

Vertebral

A

spine

anatomy & physiology (9 decks)

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