Unit 7 - Imperialism Flashcards
David Livingston
Scottish missionary who explored much of Africa and sought to preach Christianity.
Cecil Rhodes
A businessman who organized a diamond mining company, building a British empire in South Africa.
Henry Stanley
Reporter who explored the Congo and helped King Leopold of Belgium to obtain land in Africa.
Shaka
A Zulu chief who created a large centralized state in southern Africa .
Leopold II
King of Belgium who took land in the Congo, exploiting Africans and forcing them to labor. 10 million Africans died under his rule.
Sun Yat-sen
A revolutionary and leader of the Guomindang. First president of the Republic of China.
Imperialism
A policy of extending a country’s power through diplomatic or military force
Economic Imperialism
A country gaining economic power over other countries.
Cash crop
A crop produced for its commercial value rather than its personal use to the grower
Suez Canal
Artificial waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean and Red Sea
Transvaal
Former province of South Africa `
Great Trek
The migration of the Boers due to British aggression
Assimilation/Paternalism
Becoming absorbed into a cultural group. Restricting the freedoms of subordinates in their supposed best interest.
Union of South Africa
British controlled state that joined the four Boer republics
Opium War
War between Chinese and British over the trade of opium, an addictive drug
Boxer Rebellion
Group of rebels in China who were discontent with the Dowager Empress’s rule and resented foreigners. Rebelled by surrounding the European section of Beijing and putting it under siege.
Annexation
When territory becomes a part of a nation.
Colony
An area under control of a distant “mother country”
Sphere of Influence
An area where another country has influence over economics or politics
East India Trading Co.
A British company that traded with colonies in India
Cape Town
One of the capitals of South Africa; the country’s legislative seat
Racism
The belief that one race is superior to another
Zulu
An African state in southern Africa who conflicted with the Boers and British
Orange Free State
A former Boer sovereign republic, later became a part of the union of South Africa
Indirect Rule/ Direct Rule
Direct Rule = the colonizing country completely rules the colony
Indirect Rule = the colony is mostly self-governed; native peoples retain certain powers
Treaty of Nanking
A peace treaty that ended the Opium War. Gave Britain Hong Kong.
Open Door Policy
Merchants from all nations could trade in China; prevented colonization
Commercial Colonialism
Colonizing a nation for economic purposes.
Territory
A piece of land belonging to a sovereign power of state
Protectorate
A state that is protected or controlled by a more powerful state.
Social Darwinism
“Survival of the fittest”; members of a society will evolve the same way nature evolves.
White Man’s Burden
The supposed responsibility of white people to “teach” nonwhite people their superior culture
Boers
Dutch farmers who settled South Africa
Congo
Area of central Africa, formerly belonging to the Belgian
Berlin Conference
A meeting of 14 European nations to decide how to divide up Africa
Taiping Rebellion
A massive civil war against the ruling Qing dynasty. 1850-1864.
Extraterritorial rights
Where foreigners aren’t subject to the laws of the country they are staying in.
Manchu Dynasty
Also known as the Qing dynasty; the last ruling family of China from 1644-1912
