Unit 7 (Ch. 18-20) Flashcards
home to many Indian tribes e.g. Sioux, Cheyenne
The Plains
People began crossing over and pushing Indians out of the great plains by the Treaty of ________ _________ This allowed Americans to build forts and roads in the plains
People began crossing over and pushing Indians out of the great plains by the Treaty of fort Laramie
This allowed Americans to build forts and roads in the plains
The two most important animals to the Plains
Indians
Horse and buffalo
Why didn’t The treaties last long?
The treaties did not last long since gold was discovered in Colorado which brought 1000s of miners
Federal lands set aside for American Indians. Some Indians didn’t want them leading up to a massacre (sand creek)
Reservations-
An Indian chief who ambushed 81 cavalry troops killing them all
agreement between the U.S government and southern Plains Indians in which Indians agreed to move on reservation, some rebelled however Americans put down this rebellion
Treaty of medicine lodge-
a U.S. military leader who’s men found gold in the plains which lead to the U.S. to insist to sell their land, fought at little bighorn
George Armstrong Custer-
a Sioux leader that protested these new demands, fought at little bighorn.
Other Indians listened to him and fighting broke out, Custer was at the head of the U.S. 7th cavalry
Sitting Bull-
battle between U.S. soldiers led by Custer against Sioux warriors led by crazy horse and sitting bull, worst defeat for the U.S. army in the west
a religious movement among plains Indians in the 1880’s
Massacre at wounded knee- U.S. army’s killing of 150 Sioux at wounded knee creek at South Dakota ending the wars on the plains
Ghost dance-
U.S. army’s killing of 150 Sioux at wounded knee creek at South Dakota ending the wars on the plains
Massacre at wounded knee-
legislation past by congress that split up Indian reservation’s lands among individual Indians and promised citizenship.
Dawes General Allotment act-
Nevada gold and silver deposit discovered by Henry Comstock in 1859 produced $500 million worth
Comstock lode-
- a large deposit of precious ore
- Mining was a dangerous job e.g. collapses, deadly gases, and wall-less elevator platforms
Bonanza-
Western communities that grew quickly because of the mining boom.
Boom towns-
A company founded in 1860, which used a system of messengers on horseback to carry mail between relay stations on a route about 2,000 miles long.
Pony Express
When was the transcontinental railroad built and who built it?
- The railroad was built in 6 years.
- Two companies competed to lay as much track as possible. The Central Pacific built east from Sacramento, Calif., while the Union Pacific built west from Omaha, Neb.
- The first spikes were driven in 1863, in the midst of the Civil War. On May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah, a golden spike was hammered into the final tie between the 2 companies.
The railroad’s part-owner of the Central Pacific Railroad
Leland Stanford
A set of federal government acts made in 1862 and 1864, which gave railroad companies loans and large land grants, which could be sold to pay for construction costs.
the Pacific Railway Acts
What replaced the Pony Express?
- Telegraph lines build and
- the railroad
Impacts of Transcontinental Railroad
- Improve communication, travel, and supply movement.
- Connected the East and the West.
- -increased both economic and population growth in the west as it provided better transportation for people and goods
- provided land for sale in the West
- -helped businesses like timber and mining and eastern businesses ship goods to newly formed markets in the West
- -became the biggest industry in the US.
In 1859 a miner discovered a huge deposit of gold and silver in Nevada that became called the
Comstock Lode -
communities that grew suddenly when a mine opened.
