Chapter 11? Flashcards
party members choose the party’s candidates
nominating conventions
period of expanding democracy in the 1820s and 1830s; during the time of Jackson
Jacksonian democracy
party formed to support Jackson for president
Democratic party
Jackson’s vice presidential running mate
John C. Calhoun
the practice of giving government jobs to political backers
spoils system
strong ally of Jackson; secretary of state during Jackson’s presidency
Martin Van Buren
informal group of trusted advisers that sometimes met in the White House kitchen during Jackson’s presidency
kitchen cabinet
high taxes on imports that made Southerners very angry
Tariff of Abominations
region whose economy was based on manufacturing
North
region whose economy was based on agriculture/farming
South
region whose economy emerging
West
said since the states formed the national government the state power should be greater than federal
states’ rights doctrine
a dispute led by John C. Calhoun that said states could ignore federal laws if they believed those laws violated the Constitution
nullification crisis
from Massachusetts; believed that the nation should have more power; against the nullification
Daniel Webster
ruled that the national bank was constitutional
McCulloch vs. Maryland
believed Congress should be strong and the president should be weak
Whig Party
severe economic depression
Panic of 1837
an army general who was part of the Whig party; 9th president
William Henry Harrison
in 1830, an act that forced Native Americans to be moved from their land to the West
Indian Removal Act
US land in what is now Oklahoma where Congress planned to move Native Americans
Indian Territory
an agency developed to manage Indian removal to western lands
Bureau of Indian Affairs
A Cherokee who used 86 characters to represent the Cherokee language
Sequoya
a Court ruling that said the laws of Georgia held no force in the Cherokee nation
Worcester v. Georgia
The Cherokee’s 800 mile forced march into the west; 18,000 Cherokee died on this march
Trail of Tears
leader of the Fox and Sauk Indians who fought to keep land in Illinois
Black Hawk
a Seminole leader who fought to keep land in Florida
Osceola
Who picked the President in 1824 after no candidate won a majority of electoral votes?
House of Representatives
What deal did John Quincy Adams make with Henry Clay to become President in 1824?
Corrupt Bargain
Who became the first President with a common background after winning the election of 1828 in a landslide?
Andrew Jackson
Who was the President of the Second Bank of the United States?
Nicholas Biddle
Who did President Jackson meet with in the White House kitchen to get advice?
Kitchen Cabinet
What allowed the federal government to negotiate treaties to relocate Native Americans?
Indian Removal Act
What present day states made up the Indian Territory?
Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska
What was the harsh journey made by the Cherokee from their homeland to the Indian Territory?
Trail of Tears
Who spent 12 years creating a system of writing for the Cherokee?
Sequoyah
Who led the Seminole resistance against relocation to the Indian Territory?
Osceola
Who led the Sauk and Fox in an attempt to reclaim their homeland only to be crushed by the Illinois militia and US Army?
Chief Black Hawk
What practice rewards political supporters with government jobs?
Spoils System
What idea says common people should control the government?
Jacksonian Democracy
What was passed by Congress at the end of John Quincy Adams’ presidency to raise government revenue and protect industry?
Tariff of 1828
What did John C. Calhoun write that said states have the right to reject federal laws they believe to be unconstitutional?
Doctrine of Nullification
What means to withdraw from the Union?
Secede
What was the famous Senate debate over states’ rights in 1830?
Webster-Hayne Debate
What crisis was characterized by wide spread fear about the state of the economy caused by President Jackson’s war against the Second Bank of the United states?
Panic of 1837
Which President was blamed for the Panic of 1837 and served only one term as a result?
Martin Van Burren
Who gained fame fighting Tecumseh and became the first Whig President?
William Henry Harrison
Who was the first Vice President to become President after a President died in office?
John Tyler
What Party supported William Henry Harrison in the election of 1840 and was named after a British Party that opposed royal power?
Whig Party
What Party supported Andrew Jackson and the common people in the election of 1828?
Democrats
What Party supported John Quincy Adams and the privileged, wealthy Easterners in the election of 1828?
National Republicans
What cabinet position did Henry Clay want from John Quincy Adams because he considered it a stepping stone to the Presidency?
Secretary of State
Who led the fight against the Tariff of Abominations?
John C. Calhoun
What is a rise in prices and a decrease in the value of money?
Inflation
What is a severe economic slump?
Depression
What symbol did William Henry Harrison use during his campaign to get commoners to support him?
Log Cabin
What were the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek and Seminole tribes called after they adopted many aspects of American culture?
Five Civilized Tribes
What did the South call the Tariff of 1828?
Tariff of Abominations
How did President Jackson respond when Congress voted to renew the charter of the Bank of the United States?
Veto
Where did President Jackson put the federal government’s money to kill the Second Bank of the United States?
State Banks
What gives the President the power to use the federal army to collect tariffs?
Force Bill
What Supreme Court Case did Chief Justice John Marshall rule only the federal government, not the states, could make laws concerning the Cherokee?
Worcestor v Georgia
