chapter ? Flashcards
The Virginia town where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, ending the Civil War; Lee surrenders to Grant; Civil War ends (1865)
Appomattox Courthouse
Laws passed in the South after the Civil War aimed at controlling freedmen and enabling plantation owners to exploit African runaway slaves.
Compromise of 1860
The name given to Northern whites who moved South after the Civil War and supported the Republicans.
Carpetbaggers
War between the Union(North) and the Confederacy(South) over states’ rights, slavery, sectionalism, succession and the Election of 1860.
Civil War (1861-1865)
Issued by Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, it declared that all slaves in the rebellious Confederate states would be free.
Emancipation Proclamation
A Missouri slave sued for his freedom, claiming that his four year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. The U.S, Supreme Court decided he couldn’t sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen.
Dred Scott Decision
Lincoln’s election to the presidency in 1860 triggered the secession of 9 Southern states starting with South Carolina. The main reason was because the South felt like they no longer had a voice in politics.
Election of 1860
To free from slavery or servitude.
Emancipate
Southern laws that were designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves.
Black Codes
Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude; Gave African Americans the right to vote.
15th Amendment
Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War in 1861.
Fort Sumter
Required all states to give citizenship to all citizens born in the United States and gave other basic civil rights.
14th Amendment
The most violent battle of the American Civil War and is frequently cited as the war’s turning point, fought from July 1 - July 3, 1863.
Gettysburg
Abraham Lincoln’s speech that emphasized the ideas of liberty, equality, and Union and the purpose of the Civil War.
Gettysburg Address
wooden ships with metal armor that were employed by both sides during the Civil War;armored naval vessels.
Ironclads
Jefferson explained that the current Union doesn’t fulfill the Constitution and claimed southern states had the right to succeed.
Jefferson Davis’ Inaugural Address
Leading opponent of slavery from Massachusetts, former President, argued that if Civil War broke out that Lincoln should use the President’s War Powers to abolish slavery.
John Quincy Adams
1854 - This act repealed the Missouri Compromise and established a doctrine of congressional nonintervention in the territories. Popular sovereignty (vote of the people) would determine whether Kansas and Nebraska would be slave or free states.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36_ 30’ within the Louisiana Territory (1820).
Missouri Compromise(1820)
A person born in another country who has been granted citizenship.
Naturalized Citizen
Born in Chile and was the first Hispanic-American to be awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor in the assault of Fort Fisher.
Philip Bazaar
Principle of government in which government derives its power from the people; idea of “We the People”.
Popular Sovereignty
Republicans wins majority of seats in both houses and take control of Reconstruction from the president.
Radical Reconstruction
The period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union; The reorganization and rebuilding of the former Confederate states after the Civil War.
Reconstruction
The modern Republican Party that began before the Civil War as an anti-slavery party. Abraham Lincoln was elected the first Republican president in 1860.
Republican Party
Name given by former Confederates to Southern whites who supported Republican Reconstruction of the South.
Scalawags
Withdrawal from the Union that was triggered by the Election of 1860.
Secession
A strong sense of loyalty to a state or section instead of to the nation as a whole.
Sectionalism
A system in which people own and control other people for the purpose of getting work done.
Slavery
According to the compact theory of the Union the states retained all powers not specifically delegated to the central government by the Constitution;The idea that states had the right to control all issues and/or laws in their state not specifically given to them by the federal government.
States’ Rights
Taxes on imported or exported goods.
Tariffs
California was admitted as a free state, a harsher Fugitive Slave Law was enacted, and the Mexican Cession was divided into the territories of New Mexico and Utah. In each territory, voters would decide the slavery question according to popular sovereignty.
Compromise of 1850
A decisive Civil War battle that gave the North control of the Mississippi River(1863)
Vicksburg
A soldier in the 54th Massachusetts Regiment. First African American to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor for his actions at the battle of Fort Wagner.
William Carney
