Unit 7

Question 1

Define the Battle of Britain.

Answer 1

a series of battles between the British and German air forces

Question 2

Define the Lend-Lease Act.

Answer 2

the president could lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country that was vital to the U.S.

Question 3

Define Atlantic Charter.

Answer 3

Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly and issued a joint declaration before the U.S. entered the war

Question 4

Define Holocaust.

Answer 4

a systematic mass slaughter of Jews and other groups judged inferior by the Nazis

Question 5

Define Nuremberg Laws.

Answer 5

a government policy that deprived Jews of their rights to German citizenship and forbade marriages between Jews and non-Jews

Question 6

Define ghettos.

Answer 6

overcrowded or segregated Jewish areas

Question 7

Define the Battle of Stalingrad.

Answer 7

battle of WW2 in which German forces were defeated in their attempt to capture the city of Stalingrad in the Soviet Union

Question 8

Define D-Day.

Answer 8

when the Allies invaded Normandy

Question 9

Define kamikaze.

Answer 9

Japanese suicide pilots who would sink Allied ships by crash-diving their bomb-filled planes into them

Question 10

What were the 2 technological devices that helped turn the tide in the Royal Air Force’s favor?

Answer 10

1) the radar: could tell the number, speed, and direction of incoming warplanes
2) the Enigma: enabled the British to decide German secret messages

Question 11

Describe the bombing of Pearl Harbor and its significance.

Answer 11

The Japanese sunk 19 ships and maimed/killed over 3,000 U.S. soldiers. The attack caused President Roosevelt to declare war on Japan.

Question 12

What was the role of the SS during the “Final Solution.”

Answer 12

The SS went around killing Jews and rounding them up to be killed.

Question 13

How did the U.S. mobilize for war?

Answer 13

The favorites converted their peacetime to manufacturing the products needed for war.

Question 14

How did the Allies deal with the Nazi war criminals after the war was over?

Answer 14

They put the criminals through the Nuremberg Trials and either sentenced them to prison or gave them a death sentence.

Question 15

Who was Charles de Gaulle?

Answer 15

a French general who set up a government-in-exile in London; went on to organize Free French military forces that battled the Nazis until France was liberated in 1944

Question 16

Who was Winston Churchill?

Answer 16

British Prime Minister who declared that Britain would never give in to the Axis Powers

Question 17

Who was Erwin Rommel?

Answer 17

known as the “Desert Fox,” this German general commanded the Afrika Korps, an elite German tank force, to assist the Italians in Africa

Question 18

Who was Douglas MacArthur?

Answer 18

the commander of the Allied land forces in the Pacific

Question 19

Who was James Doolittle?

Answer 19

under his command, 16 B-25 bombers bombed Tokyo and several other Japanese cities

Question 20

Who was Herschel Grynszpan?

Answer 20

a Jewish youth from Germany who shot a German diplomat living in Paris out of revenge for his father’s deportation to Poland

Question 21

Who was Dwight Eisenhower?

Answer 21

an American general who led Allied forces into Morocco and Algeria during Operation Torch

Question 22

What was an Aryan?

Answer 22

Germanic people who were considered by the Nazis to be the “master race”

Question 23

Define blitzkrieg.

Answer 23

“lightning war”; a war strategy that involved fast moving attacks that were meant to overwhelm the enemy