Unit 1 Flashcards
Who was Aristotle?
He was a Greek philosopher who examined the nature of the world and of human belief, thought, and knowledge. He also wrote “Politics.”
Who was Cleisthenes?
He was regarded as the founder of Athens and created the Council of Five Hundred that proposed laws and counseled the assembly.
What did the Jews teach about the responsibilities of the individual and community to combat injustice?
It is the responsibility of each individual to oppose injustice and oppression. The community should help the unfortunate. Individuals are capable of living with high moral standards.
Who was Niccolò Machiavelli?
He was a Renaissance writer who wrote “The Prince,” in which he examined how a ruler can gain power and keep it in spite of his enemies.
Who was Plato?
He was a Greek philosopher who felt that society should be governed by Philosopher-Kings. He wrote “The Republic.”
Who was Albrecht Dürer?
He produced prints that portrayed religious subjects, classical myths, and realistic landscapes.
Define humanism.
Humanism was a movement that focused on human potential and achievements.
Explain why Italy was the birthplace of the Renaissance.
Italy had three advantages:
1) city-states
2) wealthy merchants
3) many scholars who drew inspiration from Greece and Rome
Explain what it meant to be a “Renaissance Man.”
A “Renaissance Man” was a man who excelled in many fields therefore being able to master almost every area of study.
Define democracy.
the people rule
Define republic.
citizens choose the leaders that they want to make the governmental decisions
What was the Renaissance?
the revival of art and learning in the 1300’s Italy
Define direct democracy.
the citizens make laws directly instead of through representatives
What were the Twelve Tables?
They were the first written laws that were carved on 12 tables/tablets.
What was the Diaspora?
It was when the Jews were exiled from
their homeland and spread Judaism and Christianity.
