Unit 6

Question 1

Define Bolsheviks.

Answer 1

revolutionaries that would sacrifice everything for change; took control of Russia’s government

Question 2

Define soviet.

Answer 2

local councils consisting of workers, peasants, and soldiers

Question 3

Define Kuomintang.

Answer 3

the Nationalist Party that pushed for modernization and nationalism in China

Question 4

Define the Long March.

Answer 4

a hazardous 6,000 mile long journey undertaken by the communist forces after the Nationalists surrounded them

Question 5

Define fascism.

Answer 5

new political movement that emphasized loyalist to the state and obedience to its leader

Question 6

Define Kristallnacht.

Answer 6

“Night of Broken Glass”; Nazi mobs attacked Jews in their homes and distorted their buildings

Question 7

Define appeasement.

Answer 7

giving in to an aggressor to keep the peace

Question 8

Define Axis Powers.

Answer 8

the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan

Question 9

Define isolationism.

Answer 9

the belief that political ties to other countries should be avoided

Question 10

What were the immediate results of the November 1917 Bolshevik Revolution?

Answer 10

Kerensky and his colleagues disappeared and Lenin gave part of Russia’s territory to Germany which angered to Russians.

Question 11

Name the four methods of control used by totalitarian governments, and describe an example of how Stalin used it.

Answer 11

1) police terror: secret police that monitored messages and spied on people
2) indoctrination: taught the ideals of communism
3) propaganda and censorship: all public information was biased
4) religious and ethnic persecution: formed Atheist Museums and said religion was just superstitions

Question 12

Why did China want to participate in WW1 and what was the outcome?

Answer 12

They hoped for an Allied victory and to gain back control over some of the territories. In the end, Japan received the territories.

Question 13

What ideas did most fascists share?

Answer 13

1) nationalism
2) nations must struggle or they’ll be conquered
3) pledged loyalty to an authorian leader
4) wore uniforms, had special salutes, and held mass rallies

Question 14

Why was the Munich Conference unsuccessful?

Answer 14

It was unsuccessful because Hitler took over Czechoslovakia and Mussolini seized Albania in less than 6 months.

Question 15

Who was Vladimir Lenin?

Answer 15

Bolshevik leader who controlled Russia from 1917 to 1924

Question 16

Who was Rasputin?

Answer 16

a self-described “holy man”; befriended Czarina Alexandra and wall allowed to make key political decisions; opposed reform measures and obtained powerful positions for his friends; was murdered by a group of nobles

Question 17

Who was Joseph Stalin?

Answer 17

founded the Fascist Party in Italy in 1919; became its totalitarian dictator

Question 18

Who was Sun Yixian?

Answer 18

became president of the New Republic of China in 1912; hoped to establish a modern government based on the “Three Principles of the People”: nationalism, people’s rights, and people’s livelihood

Question 19

Who was Mao Zedong?

Answer 19

one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party; believed he could bring revolution to a rural country where the peasants could be the true revolutionaries

Question 20

Who was Jiang Jeishi?

Answer 20

headed the Kuomintang after Sun Yixian; feared the Communists’ goal of creating a socialist economy modeled after the Soviet Union’s

Question 21

Who was Benito Mussolini?

Answer 21

a general secretary of the Communist Party during Lenin’s rule; was in total command of the Communist Party by 1928

Question 22

Who was Adolf Hitler?

Answer 22

German totalitarian dictator who developed a brand of fascism known as Nazism

Question 23

Who was Francisco Franco?

Answer 23

a Spanish general who defeated government forces to become Spain’s first fascist dictator in 1939

Question 24

Define proletariat.

Answer 24

the workers who would overthrow the ruler