Unit 5

Question 1

Define the Triple Alliance.

Answer 1

The French chancellor, Otto Von Bismarck, brought Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy together.

Question 2

Define the Triple Entente.

Answer 2

Britain, France, and Russia formed a treaty in 1907

Question 3

What were the Central Powers?

Answer 3

The Central Powers were Germany and Austria-Hungry who were given this name because of their location in the heart of Europe.

Question 4

Who were the Allies?

Answer 4

They were the opposers of the Central Powers; Great Britain, France, and Russia.

Question 5

Define Schlieffen Plan.

Answer 5

Germany’s strategy to defeat France in the west and then fight Russia in the east.

Question 6

Define Trench Warfare.

Answer 6

miles of trenches to protect them from enemy fire; soldiers fought in the trenches

Question 7

Define unrestricted submarine warfare.

Answer 7

the use of submarines to sink without warning any ship found in an enemy’s water

Question 8

Define total war.

Answer 8

when a country devotes all their resources to a war, such as WW1

Question 9

Define rationing.

Answer 9

people could only buy small amounts of the items that were needed for war

Question 10

Define propaganda.

Answer 10

one-sided information designed to persuade to keep up morale and support for the war

Question 11

Define Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

Answer 11

when Germany and Russia ended their dispute in March 1918

Question 12

Define self-determination.

Answer 12

allowing people to decide for themselves under which government they wish to live

Question 13

Define Treaty of Versailles.

Answer 13

a compromise signed by Germany and the allied powers on June 28, 1919

Question 14

Explain how nationalism, imperialism, and militarism led to tension among European powers.

Answer 14

Nationalism caused people to seek for independence and fierce competition to power. Imperialism started a war over colonial territories in Africa and Asia. Militarism lead to growing rivalries and mistrust causing alliances to form.

Question 15

What did Russia dk in response to Austria declaring war on Serbia? How did it effect Germany?

Answer 15

Russia began moving its army to the Russian-Austrian border and mobilized along the German border expecting their help but instead Germany declared war on them.

Question 16

Describe the circumstances surrounding the U.S. entering the war.

Answer 16

Woodrow Wilson warned the Germans to stop sinking our ship but they continued and the U.S. intercepted a telegram saying that the Germans would help Mexico reclaim their land lost to the U.S.. This made the U.S. join the Allies because we felt a bond with the similar cultures of Great Britain.

Question 17

Describe the outcome of the Treaty of Versailles.

Answer 17

It left feelings of hatred and the U.S. refused to sign because they were very egotistical and decided that to keep peace, they needed to stay out of world affairs. The negativity towards the treaty lead to another HUGE war less than 20 years later.

Question 18

Who was Kaiser Wilhelm II?

Answer 18

He was the German ruler during WW1, who wanted to demonstrate German power.

Question 19

Who was Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

Answer 19

He was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, who was assassinated in Bosnia in 1914, setting in the motion WW1.

Question 20

Who were The Black Hand?

Answer 20

They were a secret society committed to ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule.

Question 21

What was the Dardanelles Strait?

Answer 21

It was a narrow sea strait that was the gateway to the Ottoman capital, Constantinople.

Question 22

Who was Arthur Zimmerman?

Answer 22

He was Germany’s foreign secretary who sent a note to Mexican officials, stating that they would help them “reconquer” Mexican land lost to the U.S. if Mexico would ally with Germany in WW1.

Question 23

Who was Woodrow Wilson?

Answer 23

He was the president of the U.S. during WW1; he was part of The Big Four, a group who made most of the decisions during the Paris Peace Conference.

Question 24

Who was George Clemenceau?

Answer 24

The leader of France during WW1; was part of The Big Four during the Paris Peace Conference; wanted to punish Germany for the war.

Question 25

What was the Fourteen Points?

Answer 25

They were a series of peace proposals, drawn up by President Wilson, which outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace.

Question 26

Define armistice.

Answer 26

an agreement to stop fighting

Question 27

What was Lusitania?

Answer 27

It was a British passenger ship sunk by a German U-Boat or submarine; 1,198 people died, including 128 U.S. citizens

Question 28

Define militarism.

Answer 28

the policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war