Unit 6 vocab

Question 1

urbanization

Answer 1

urban growth and development
ex:Tokyo between 1950 and today growing by over r13 mil.

Question 2

suburbanization

Answer 2

the shifting of population away from cities into surrounding suburbs
Ex: parker, Lakewood, thorton

Question 3

sprawl

Answer 3

the process in which the spread of development across the landscape far out spaces population growth
Ex:Us metropolitan areas, Los Angeles, dallas

Question 4

megacity

Answer 4

a city with a population of over 10 million
Ex: New York, LA, Mexico city

Question 5

meta city

Answer 5

a city with a population of over 20 million
Ex: Tokyo, Beijing

Question 6

edge city

Answer 6

a type of community located on the outskirts of a larger city with commercials centers with the amenities of an urban center
Ex:Tysons Virginia, west of Washington DC

Question 7

exurb

Answer 7

a typically fast-growing community outside of or on the edge of a metropolitains area where the residents of the community are closely connected to the central city
EX: castle pines

Question 8

boomblurb

Answer 8

a suburb that has grown rapidly into a large, sprawling city with more than 100,000 residents
EX; Lakewood, colorado

Question 9

world city

Answer 9

a city that wields political, cultural, and economic influence on a global scale
EX: New York city, London

Question 10

rank size rule

Answer 10

explanation of size of cities within a country; states that the second largest will be one half , the third largest city will be 1/3 so on
Ex;; Libya, Brazil

Question 11

primate city

Answer 11

the largest city in a country, which for exceeds the next in population size & importance
EX:Mexico city compared to Guadalajara

Question 12

gravity model

Answer 12

a model that predicts the interaction between two or more places; geographers derived it from newtons law of size and distance
EX: levels of interaction & influence between NYC and LA VS. NYC and Mexico city

Question 13

central place theory

Answer 13

a theory used to describe spatial relationships between cities and their surrounding communities

Question 14

concentric zone model

Answer 14

a model of urban development depicting a city growing outward from a central business district in a series of concentric rings

Question 15

sector model

Answer 15

a model of urban development depicting a city with wedge-shaped sectors and divisions coming for the CBD

Question 16

multiple nuclei model

Answer 16

a model of urban development depicting a city where growth occurs around the progressive integration of multiple nodes , not around 1 central business district

Question 17

galactic city model

Answer 17

a model of urban development depicting a city where economic activity has moved from the CBD toward loose coalitions of other urban areas and suburbs; aka the peripheral mode by Peirce lewis

Question 18

bid rent theory

Answer 18

a theory that describes the relationship between lad value, commercial location, and transportation that describes how land costs are determined

Question 19

Latin American model

Answer 19

a model or urban development depicting a city with a CBD, concentric rings , and sections stricken by poverty; also known as a griffin-ford model

Question 20

southeast Asian model

Answer 20

a model of urban development depicting a city oriented around a port and lacking a formal CBD , growing outward in concentric rings and a long multiple nodes

Question 21

Africa model

Answer 21

a model of urban development depicting a city with 3 CBDs, growing outward in a series of concentric rings

Question 22

zoning

Answer 22

the process of dividing a city or urban areas into zones within which only certain land uses are permitted
EX: Form based zoning in colorado, Residential, commercial, or mixed land use

Question 23

infilling

Answer 23

redevelopment that identifies and develops vacant parcels of land within previously built areas
EX: Gates rubber factory

Question 24

infrastructure

Answer 24

the many systems and facilities that a country needs in order to function properly
EX: hospitals, fire stations

Question 25

mixed use developments

Answer 25

type of development, urban design, urban planning, and/or zoning classification that permits multiple land uses in the same place or structure

Question 26

smart growth

Answer 26

a policy implemented to create sustainable communities by placing development in convenient locations and designed to be more efficient and environmentally responsible
EX: mixed land use, walkable neighborhoods

Question 27

new urbanism

Answer 27

a school of though that promotes designing growth to limit the amount of urban sprawl and preserve nature and usable farmland EX: creating walkable neighborhoods

Question 28

greenbelts

Answer 28

a ring of parkland, agricultural land , or other type of open space maintained around a urban area
EX: roxborough state Park

Question 29

slow growth cities

Answer 29

cities where planners have used smart growth policies to decrease the rate at which the city grows outward
EX: Boulder Colorado

Question 30

de facto segregation

Answer 30

segregation that results from Residential settlements rather that from prejudicial laws

Question 31

qualitative data

Answer 31

data that is descriptive of a research subject and is often based on opinions
EX: field observations , artwork, photographs

Question 32

quantitative data

Answer 32

involving data that can be measured by numbers
EX: population of a city

Question 33

redlining

Answer 33

practice by which a financial institution such as a bank refuses to offer home loans on the basis of a neighborhoods racial or ethnic makeup
EX: US against AF. Am in 1930’s

Question 34

blockbusting

Answer 34

a practice by real estate agents who would stir up concern that black families would soon more into a neighborhood; the agents would convince white property owners to sell their houses at below market prices

Question 35

disamenity zone

Answer 35

a high poverty urban area in a disadvantaged location containing steep slopes, flood prone ground, rail lines, landfills or industry
EX: typically in areas with the latin city model

Question 36

squatter settlements

Answer 36

an informal housing area beset with overcrowding ad poverty that feature temporary homes often made of wood scraps or metal sheeting
EX: Dharari in India

Question 37

inclusionary zoning

Answer 37

law that creates affordable housing by offering incentives for developers to set aside a minimum percentage of new housing construction to be allocated for low income renters or buyers
EX: Boulder Colorado

Question 38

regional planning

Answer 38

planning conducted at a regional scale that seeks to coordinate the development of housing, transportation, urban infrastructure, and economic activities
EX: Rural, central, and weld county region plans in Colorado

Question 39

brownfeilds

Answer 39

abandoned and polluted industrial site in a central city or suburb
EX: king cross in london

Question 40

environmental injustice

Answer 40

the way in which communities of color and poor people are more likely to be exposed to environmental burdens like polluted water(environmental racism)
EX: pollution and climate change stripping away basic needs of civilians

Question 41

urban growth boundaries

Answer 41

a boundary that separates urban land uses from rural land uses by limiting how far a city can expand
EX: Boulder county

Question 42

urban renewal

Answer 42

a nationwide movement that developed in the 1950’s and 1960’s when U.S. cities were given massive federal grants to tear down and clear crumbling neighborhoods and formal industrial zones as a means of rebuilding their downtowns
EX:housing act of 1949, 54, and faha of 1956