Unit 6 vocab Flashcards
urbanization
urban growth and development
ex:Tokyo between 1950 and today growing by over r13 mil.
suburbanization
the shifting of population away from cities into surrounding suburbs
Ex: parker, Lakewood, thorton
sprawl
the process in which the spread of development across the landscape far out spaces population growth
Ex:Us metropolitan areas, Los Angeles, dallas
megacity
a city with a population of over 10 million
Ex: New York, LA, Mexico city
meta city
a city with a population of over 20 million
Ex: Tokyo, Beijing
edge city
a type of community located on the outskirts of a larger city with commercials centers with the amenities of an urban center
Ex:Tysons Virginia, west of Washington DC
exurb
a typically fast-growing community outside of or on the edge of a metropolitains area where the residents of the community are closely connected to the central city
EX: castle pines
boomblurb
a suburb that has grown rapidly into a large, sprawling city with more than 100,000 residents
EX; Lakewood, colorado
world city
a city that wields political, cultural, and economic influence on a global scale
EX: New York city, London
rank size rule
explanation of size of cities within a country; states that the second largest will be one half , the third largest city will be 1/3 so on
Ex;; Libya, Brazil
primate city
the largest city in a country, which for exceeds the next in population size & importance
EX:Mexico city compared to Guadalajara
gravity model
a model that predicts the interaction between two or more places; geographers derived it from newtons law of size and distance
EX: levels of interaction & influence between NYC and LA VS. NYC and Mexico city
central place theory
a theory used to describe spatial relationships between cities and their surrounding communities
concentric zone model
a model of urban development depicting a city growing outward from a central business district in a series of concentric rings
sector model
a model of urban development depicting a city with wedge-shaped sectors and divisions coming for the CBD
multiple nuclei model
a model of urban development depicting a city where growth occurs around the progressive integration of multiple nodes , not around 1 central business district
galactic city model
a model of urban development depicting a city where economic activity has moved from the CBD toward loose coalitions of other urban areas and suburbs; aka the peripheral mode by Peirce lewis
bid rent theory
a theory that describes the relationship between lad value, commercial location, and transportation that describes how land costs are determined
Latin American model
a model or urban development depicting a city with a CBD, concentric rings , and sections stricken by poverty; also known as a griffin-ford model
southeast Asian model
a model of urban development depicting a city oriented around a port and lacking a formal CBD , growing outward in concentric rings and a long multiple nodes
Africa model
a model of urban development depicting a city with 3 CBDs, growing outward in a series of concentric rings
zoning
the process of dividing a city or urban areas into zones within which only certain land uses are permitted
EX: Form based zoning in colorado, Residential, commercial, or mixed land use
infilling
redevelopment that identifies and develops vacant parcels of land within previously built areas
EX: Gates rubber factory
infrastructure
the many systems and facilities that a country needs in order to function properly
EX: hospitals, fire stations
mixed use developments
type of development, urban design, urban planning, and/or zoning classification that permits multiple land uses in the same place or structure
smart growth
a policy implemented to create sustainable communities by placing development in convenient locations and designed to be more efficient and environmentally responsible
EX: mixed land use, walkable neighborhoods
new urbanism
a school of though that promotes designing growth to limit the amount of urban sprawl and preserve nature and usable farmland EX: creating walkable neighborhoods
greenbelts
a ring of parkland, agricultural land , or other type of open space maintained around a urban area
EX: roxborough state Park
slow growth cities
cities where planners have used smart growth policies to decrease the rate at which the city grows outward
EX: Boulder Colorado
de facto segregation
segregation that results from Residential settlements rather that from prejudicial laws
qualitative data
data that is descriptive of a research subject and is often based on opinions
EX: field observations , artwork, photographs
quantitative data
involving data that can be measured by numbers
EX: population of a city
redlining
practice by which a financial institution such as a bank refuses to offer home loans on the basis of a neighborhoods racial or ethnic makeup
EX: US against AF. Am in 1930’s
blockbusting
a practice by real estate agents who would stir up concern that black families would soon more into a neighborhood; the agents would convince white property owners to sell their houses at below market prices
disamenity zone
a high poverty urban area in a disadvantaged location containing steep slopes, flood prone ground, rail lines, landfills or industry
EX: typically in areas with the latin city model
squatter settlements
an informal housing area beset with overcrowding ad poverty that feature temporary homes often made of wood scraps or metal sheeting
EX: Dharari in India
inclusionary zoning
law that creates affordable housing by offering incentives for developers to set aside a minimum percentage of new housing construction to be allocated for low income renters or buyers
EX: Boulder Colorado
regional planning
planning conducted at a regional scale that seeks to coordinate the development of housing, transportation, urban infrastructure, and economic activities
EX: Rural, central, and weld county region plans in Colorado
brownfeilds
abandoned and polluted industrial site in a central city or suburb
EX: king cross in london
environmental injustice
the way in which communities of color and poor people are more likely to be exposed to environmental burdens like polluted water(environmental racism)
EX: pollution and climate change stripping away basic needs of civilians
urban growth boundaries
a boundary that separates urban land uses from rural land uses by limiting how far a city can expand
EX: Boulder county
urban renewal
a nationwide movement that developed in the 1950’s and 1960’s when U.S. cities were given massive federal grants to tear down and clear crumbling neighborhoods and formal industrial zones as a means of rebuilding their downtowns
EX:housing act of 1949, 54, and faha of 1956
