Unit 6 - Southeast Asia - Transboundary Pollution Flashcards
Where is the transboundary pollution?
- Southeast Asia
Where could the haze be blown in Southeast Asia and what does it depend on?
- haze could be blown to the nearby countries, e.g. Singapore, Malaysia, depending on the location, velocity and intensity of haze pollution
Why is haze harmful to humans in Southeast Asia?
- Haze is harmful to human health due to the dust particles within - people can have breathing issues
When does the haze occur in the year in Southeast Asia?
- occurs regularly in the year but the worst during June to September (Hot and Dry Season)
How do global interactions cause pollution that transcend political boundaries in Southeast Asia?
- Global trade - increasing demand leads to more pressure in production
- especially poor countries take actions such as burning peat lands to fulfil demands
- Indonesia has around 12 million hectares of palm oil plantation - 6% of Indonesia’s land
- Indonesia is largest producer of palm oil → 2016 produced 34.5 mil. tonnes → exported 25.1 mil. tonnes → high demand
- Palm oil is needed for food processing e.g bread, butter, cereal etc. also used in cosmetic e.g. shampoo, cleaning products. furthermore in biodiesel.
What are the consequences of the transboundary pollution event in Southeast Asia?
- loss of direct and indirect forest benefits
- loss of timber
- loss of agricultural products
- loss of biodiversity and life
- significant firefighting costs
- carbon release to the atmosphere
- damage to people’s short term health
- leads to industrial production losses
- airline and airport losses
- damage to fisheries
- incurs the costs on cloud seeding
- long-term health damage
- reduced crop productivity
- reduced visibility, avertive expenditures, accidents
evacuations - loss of confidence of foreign investors
- sneezing, running nose, eye irritation, dry throat and dry cough
- linked to cardiovascular conditions
What have the responses to the event of Southeast Asian haze been by key stakeholders?
- Indonesia law bans use of fire to clear land
- technology such as remote sensing, digital mapping help to predict, detect, and respond to potential fire crises
- criminal penalties for illegal burning
- educational programme for the farmer
What is haze?
- traditionally an atmospheric phenomenon in which dust, smoke, and other dry particulates obscure the clarity of the sky
Where could the haze be blown in Southeast Asia and what does it depend on?
- haze could be blown to the nearby countries, e.g. Singapore, Malaysia, depending on the location, velocity and intensity of haze pollution
Why is haze harmful to humans in Southeast Asia?
- Haze is harmful to human health due to the dust particles within - people can have breathing issues
When does the haze occur in the year in Southeast Asia?
- occurs regularly in the year but the worst during June to September (Hot and Dry Season)
How do global interactions cause pollution that transcend political boundaries in Southeast Asia?
- Global trade - increasing demand leads to more pressure in production
- especially poor countries take actions such as burning peat lands to fulfil demands
- Indonesia has around 12 million hectares of palm oil plantation - 6% of Indonesia’s land
- Indonesia is largest producer of palm oil → 2016 produced 34.5 mil. tonnes → exported 25.1 mil. tonnes → high demand
- Palm oil is needed for food processing e.g bread, butter, cereal etc. also used in cosmetic e.g. shampoo, cleaning products. furthermore in biodiesel.
What are the consequences of the transboundary pollution event in Southeast Asia?
- loss of direct and indirect forest benefits
- loss of timber
- loss of agricultural products
- loss of biodiversity and life
- significant firefighting costs
- carbon release to the atmosphere
- damage to people’s short term health
- leads to industrial production losses
- airline and airport losses
- damage to fisheries
- incurs the costs on cloud seeding
- long-term health damage
- reduced crop productivity
- reduced visibility, avertive expenditures, accidents
evacuations - loss of confidence of foreign investors
- sneezing, running nose, eye irritation, dry throat and dry cough
- linked to cardiovascular conditions
What have the responses to the event of Southeast Asian haze been by key stakeholders?
- Indonesia law bans use of fire to clear land
- technology such as remote sensing, digital mapping help to predict, detect, and respond to potential fire crises
- criminal penalties for illegal burning
- educational programme for the farmer
What is haze?
- traditionally an atmospheric phenomenon in which dust, smoke, and other dry particulates obscure the clarity of the sky
