Option D - Mount Sinabung, Indonesia 2016 - Volcano Flashcards
1
Q
Where is Mount Sinabung?
A
- north Sumatra
- Indonesia
2
Q
What is the population, GDP per Capita and population density of Indonesia?
A
- population: 264 million
- GDP per Capita: $3850
- population density: 140 people/km2
3
Q
On what plate boundary does Mount Sinabung lay and how does this cause a volcano?
A
- Eurasian and Indo-Australian
- destructive plate boundary
- subduction increases pressure and hot magma rises to the surface
4
Q
What was the magnitude of the volcano eruption?
A
- magnitude: 2
5
Q
What were the primary hazards caused by the volcano Mount Sinabung?
A
- pyroclastic flows (700C)
- volcanic bombs
- dense ash clouds (up to 12km)
- lava flows
- toxic gases
- 2 lahar flows
6
Q
What were the social impacts of the Mount Sinabung eruption?
A
- homeless people
- 7 deaths
- injury from hot clouds
- respiratory problems
- tourism and sightseeing increased
- more than 28000 farmers evacuated
- tens of thousands of people have been displaced
7
Q
What were the economic impacts of the Mount Sinabung eruption?
A
- crops failed and death of cattle
- discoloured fruit → hard to sell
- $800,000 value of losses
- $600,000 agricultural losses
- $2 million cost of rehabilitation and construction
8
Q
What was the vulnerability of the population in Indonesia living near Mount Sinabung?
A
- farmers surrounding the volcano due to fertile soil
- unprotected buildings
- 25.02% of population 0-14
- lack of education
- short periods of heavy rainfall
- poor wealth (lower-middle income) - $3850 GDP per Capita (farmers must make use of fertile land to receive an income)
- telecommunication fixed lines subscriptions: 4/100
9
Q
What is vulnerability?
A
- a measure of the extent to which a community or geographical area is likely to be damaged or disrupted, due to its nature or location, by the impact of a hazard
