Option D - Mount Sinabung, Indonesia 2016 - Volcano Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is Mount Sinabung?

A
  • north Sumatra

- Indonesia

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2
Q

What is the population, GDP per Capita and population density of Indonesia?

A
  • population: 264 million
  • GDP per Capita: $3850
  • population density: 140 people/km2
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3
Q

On what plate boundary does Mount Sinabung lay and how does this cause a volcano?

A
  • Eurasian and Indo-Australian
  • destructive plate boundary
  • subduction increases pressure and hot magma rises to the surface
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4
Q

What was the magnitude of the volcano eruption?

A
  • magnitude: 2
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5
Q

What were the primary hazards caused by the volcano Mount Sinabung?

A
  • pyroclastic flows (700C)
  • volcanic bombs
  • dense ash clouds (up to 12km)
  • lava flows
  • toxic gases
  • 2 lahar flows
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6
Q

What were the social impacts of the Mount Sinabung eruption?

A
  • homeless people
  • 7 deaths
  • injury from hot clouds
  • respiratory problems
  • tourism and sightseeing increased
  • more than 28000 farmers evacuated
  • tens of thousands of people have been displaced
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7
Q

What were the economic impacts of the Mount Sinabung eruption?

A
  • crops failed and death of cattle
  • discoloured fruit → hard to sell
  • $800,000 value of losses
  • $600,000 agricultural losses
  • $2 million cost of rehabilitation and construction
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8
Q

What was the vulnerability of the population in Indonesia living near Mount Sinabung?

A
  • farmers surrounding the volcano due to fertile soil
  • unprotected buildings
  • 25.02% of population 0-14
  • lack of education
  • short periods of heavy rainfall
  • poor wealth (lower-middle income) - $3850 GDP per Capita (farmers must make use of fertile land to receive an income)
  • telecommunication fixed lines subscriptions: 4/100
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9
Q

What is vulnerability?

A
  • a measure of the extent to which a community or geographical area is likely to be damaged or disrupted, due to its nature or location, by the impact of a hazard
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