Unit 6 - - Chemistry Of The Body Part 1 Flashcards
What is the term for molecules that undergo a transformation within a biological catalyst?
Substrates
What is the term for a biochemical category that contains fats?
Lipids
What is the term for a food additive that has the same amount of calories as sugar, but is thousands of times sweeter?
Aspartame
What is the term for a type of fat that contains a majority of saturated fats?
Animal fat
What is the term for the amount of energy that is required to heat 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius?
Calorie
What is the term for a substance that limits the amount of product that is made?
Limiting reactant
What is the term for a carbohydrate that only contains one sugar ring?
Monosaccharide
What is the term for the state in which a person consumes enough calories in a day, but does not consume the proper nutrients?
Malnourished
What is the term for chemicals added to foods to enhance shelf life or taste?
Food Additives
What are Biological catalysts called?
Enzymes
What is the term for a fat molecule that contains only single bonds in the chain?
Saturated fat
What is the term for the state in which a person does not consume enough calories?
Undernourished
What is the term for a macromolecule that is made up of a combination of amino acids?
Proteins
What is the term for the combination of 3 fatty acid molecules with a glycerol?
Triglyceride
What is the term for the process in which unsaturated fatty acids have hydrogen atoms added to the double bonds?
Partial hydrogenation
What is the term for the device used to measure the amount of energy in a substance?
Calorimeter
What is the term for the main energy carbohydrate breaks down by glycolysis in the body?
Glucose
What is the term for the molecules that make up proteins and contain a COOH and NH3 group?
Amino Acids
What is the term for a carbohydrate that contains two sugar rings?
Disaccharide
What is the term for a classification of compounds that contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. They can either be found in chain form or ring form?
Carbohydrates
What type of fat usually contains unsaturated and polyunsaturated fats?
Plant fat
What is the term for amino acids that can be consumed by eating meat?
Complete proteins
What is the term for the type of vitamin that can be stored in the body?
Fat-soluble
What is the term for the essential molecules that are required for survival but are not fats, proteins or carbohydrates?
Vitamins
What is the term for the sugars that form polymers?
Polysaccharides
What is the term for amino acids that must be consumed from specific plants or in dietary supplement if one does not consume meat?
Complimentary proteins
Be able to identify what a carbohydrate looks like
Use you notes
They are made up of Hydrogen, carbon and oxygen (ONLY)
Be able to identify types of molecules
use your notes
They are made of Carbon Hydrogen oxygen and NITROGEN
Know what the aspartame molecule looks like
Use your notes
How much energy is in 1 g of fat?
9 cal
Where does all the energy from food come from?
Sun
What is an example to a polysaccharide?
Starch
What is an example of a transport protein?
Hemoglobin
Be able to look at a picture to tell which is the limited reactant.
See Mr.s K for help
Be able to know what a cliches molecule looks like
Use your notes
What two elements are found ONLY in amino acids?
Nitrogen and Hydrogen
What is the healthiest type of fat?
Polyunsaturated
Be able to identify respiration
Use your notes
What bio chemicals are NOT metabolized by the body of energy?
Nuclei Acids
What proteins are part of the chromosome structure?
His tones
What protein helps control metabolism?
Insulin
How many different types of amino acids are there?
20
What protein can function like an antibody?
Gamma Globin
Be able to identify a Polyunsaturated fat molecule
Use your notes
Be able to decide if a molecule is a Mono, di or poly saccharide
Use your notes
What is an example of a disaccharide?
lactose
What is a byproduct of the creation of one triglyceride molecule?
Water
Were are triglycerides stored?
Adipose cells
