Nuclear Chemistry Test Flashcards
When do birth defects happen?
When the sperm or egg is damaged
What type of cancer is Leukemia?
Cancer of the white blood cells
Why can fission be dangerous?
It can be disastrous when it is out of control - - a chain reaction or domino effect
What are Geiger counters used for?
To detect the amount of beta radiation in the area
What is the name of the cancer that is associated with high exposure to ionizing radiation?
Leukemia
What is the result when a cell is mutated?
cancer
What is can cause an unstable nucleus?
Too many neutrons
What is a beta particle?
a high speed electron
What is a safe amount of REM per year?
0.5 REM
Who was the pioneer of the field of nuclear chemistry?
Antoine Henri Becquerel
What is the unit of measuring the ionizing effect of living organisms?
REM
What organ deals with releasing hormones?
thyroid
What is a relatively constant level of NATURAL radiation?
background radiation
What is an alpha particle?
Helium nucleus
What is the term for when 2 nuclei combine to produce a nucleus of heavier mass?
Fusion
What is the term for atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons?
Isotopes
What is the term for when the nuclei of certain isotopes are bombarded with neutrons splitting the nucleus into smaller fragments?
Fission
What is used to study chemical reactions and molecular structures?
Tracers
What uses a phosphor to detect radiation?
Scintillation Counter
What is the disease where cell growth and metabolism is out of control?
Cancer
What is the term for the number of ionization within a given volume?
Radiation Density
What is the SI unit for measuring radiation?
Gray
What is the term for a relatively constant level of natural radiation?
Background radiation
What contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons and has a double positive charge?
Alpha Particle
What is the term for an unstable nucleus - - it looses energy by emitting radiation during this process?
Radioactive Decay
What is the term for penetrating rays emitted by a radioactive source?
Radiation
What is a form of ionizing radiation that results from changes in the nuclei of atoms?
Nuclear Radiation
What is a gas filled metal tube used to detect readiation?
Geiger Counter
What knocks electrons off some atoms of the bombarded substance to produce ions?
Ionizing Radiation
What happens when cancer gets big?
It gets its own blood supply
Inhibits protein production
Suppresses organ function
