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Chemistry in the Community - Kautz > Nuclear Chemistry Test > Flashcards

Nuclear Chemistry Test Flashcards

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1
Q

When do birth defects happen?

A

When the sperm or egg is damaged

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2
Q

What type of cancer is Leukemia?

A

Cancer of the white blood cells

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3
Q

Why can fission be dangerous?

A

It can be disastrous when it is out of control - - a chain reaction or domino effect

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4
Q

What are Geiger counters used for?

A

To detect the amount of beta radiation in the area

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5
Q

What is the name of the cancer that is associated with high exposure to ionizing radiation?

A

Leukemia

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6
Q

What is the result when a cell is mutated?

A

cancer

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7
Q

What is can cause an unstable nucleus?

A

Too many neutrons

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8
Q

What is a beta particle?

A

a high speed electron

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9
Q

What is a safe amount of REM per year?

A

0.5 REM

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10
Q

Who was the pioneer of the field of nuclear chemistry?

A

Antoine Henri Becquerel

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11
Q

What is the unit of measuring the ionizing effect of living organisms?

A

REM

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12
Q

What organ deals with releasing hormones?

A

thyroid

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13
Q

What is a relatively constant level of NATURAL radiation?

A

background radiation

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14
Q

What is an alpha particle?

A

Helium nucleus

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15
Q

What is the term for when 2 nuclei combine to produce a nucleus of heavier mass?

A

Fusion

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16
Q

What is the term for atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons?

A

Isotopes

17
Q

What is the term for when the nuclei of certain isotopes are bombarded with neutrons splitting the nucleus into smaller fragments?

A

Fission

18
Q

What is used to study chemical reactions and molecular structures?

A

Tracers

19
Q

What uses a phosphor to detect radiation?

A

Scintillation Counter

20
Q

What is the disease where cell growth and metabolism is out of control?

A

Cancer

21
Q

What is the term for the number of ionization within a given volume?

A

Radiation Density

22
Q

What is the SI unit for measuring radiation?

A

Gray

23
Q

What is the term for a relatively constant level of natural radiation?

A

Background radiation

24
Q

What contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons and has a double positive charge?

A

Alpha Particle

25
Q

What is the term for an unstable nucleus - - it looses energy by emitting radiation during this process?

A

Radioactive Decay

26
Q

What is the term for penetrating rays emitted by a radioactive source?

A

Radiation

27
Q

What is a form of ionizing radiation that results from changes in the nuclei of atoms?

A

Nuclear Radiation

28
Q

What is a gas filled metal tube used to detect readiation?

A

Geiger Counter

29
Q

What knocks electrons off some atoms of the bombarded substance to produce ions?

A

Ionizing Radiation

30
Q

What happens when cancer gets big?

A

It gets its own blood supply
Inhibits protein production
Suppresses organ function

Chemistry in the Community - Kautz (24 decks)

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