Chapter 3B Flashcards
Who was the Greek philosopher who began the search for a description of matter more that 2400 years ago?
Democritus
In 1897, who was an English scientist that provided the first hint that an atom is made of even smaller particles (electrons).
JJ Thomson
Who won the Nobel Prizes in Chemistry and Physics for the discovery of Ra and Po, and the phenomenon of radiation ?
Marie Curie
Who concluded that atoms had a hard center (nucleus) and are mostly empty space, and discovered 3 different types of radioactive particles.
Ernest Rutherford
In the early 1800’s what English chemist performed a number of experiments that eventually led to the acceptance of the idea of atoms?
John Dalton
Who did the preliminary work for the discovery of radiation?
Antoine Henri Becquerel
What term mean the time it takes for half of an amount of a radioactive substance to decay?
Half-life
What is the term for the number of protons in an atom?
Atomic number
What is the term for when a radioactive atom splits into two?
Fission
What is the term for atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons?
Isotope
What is the term for particles that are located in the nucleus of the atom (protons and neutrons)?
Nucleons
What is the term that shows the radioactive decomposition of an element?
Nuclear equation
What is the term for the number of protons and neutrons?
Mass number
What is the term for the process by which the nuclei of atoms emit particles and rays?
Radioactivity
What is the ter for each unique atom?
Nuclide
