Unit 6 (1750-1900) Flashcards
Imperialism is through ____, ____, or economic dominance.
direct rule, indirect rule
Europeans wanted raw materials, to make _____ to foreign markets.
profit
“White Man’s Burden” made by ________ explains that ___________.
Rudyard Kipling, Europeans take control over primitive countries to industrialize them
Nationalism meant _____.
our country/state is better than yours and we will do things to prove it.
________ provided explanation to why Europeans though its okay to colonize Africa and Asia.
Nationalism
“White Man’s Burden” - we are helping the countries be more like us
_________ survival of the fittest in life. Give example during 1750-1900’s.
Social Darwinism, European tech. enables them to conquer and survive
The Berlin Conference of _____ led to ________.
1885, “Scramble for Africa”
The Scramble for Africa was when _______.
Europeans scramble for territory in Africa.
What were the methods to integrate Europeans into Africa?
- Diplomacy ,”Protectorat Status” - we will protect you from rivaling tribes
- Use of Machine guns
What was the ultimate goal of conquering Africa?
gaining resources (rubber)
_______ fought back against the Italians in the ________. They did this with ____.
Ethiopians, Battle Of Adowa, Machine guns
________ fought against the British by calling among the population.
Yaa Asantewaa
The ___________ of _____ was India’s Independence movement after the BEI’s demands. This led to the British gov. stepping in and enforcing _______ with a new ruler named_______.
Sepoy Mutiny (Sepoy Rebellion), 1857, British Raj, Queen Victoria
___________ was how native people killed cattle to drive out European invaders.
Xhosa Cattle Killing Movement
_______ started because the Zulu people didn’t want to get rid of their military. It was a fight against _______.
Anglo-Zulu War, British
What is economic imperialism?
Europeans carving “spheres of influence” in China.
The British used poppies to ______________.
begin opium (drug) trade in China.
Opium Wars led to China signing the __________ which led to China giving up _______ to the _____ and repay the Opium that the government destroyed.
Treaty Of Nanjing, Hong Kong, Britain
What is “Spheres of Influence”?
external group holds power in a territory.
These nations were where Europeans enjoyed exclusive trading rights & economic benefit (Opium trade)
Taiping Rebellion was to oppose _____ and Boxer Rebellion was to oppose ________.
Qing entry into China, Western influence.
___________ is a railroad system in Russia. _______ is a railroad system in America.
Trans-Siberian, Trans-Continental
______ wanted to create railroads from Cape town to Cairo (Egypt) to connect the _____ colonies in Africa.
Cecil Rhodes, imperial
______ allowed people to communicate at much faster speeds
Telegraph
____ direct communication with someone.
Telephone
Countries needed raw materials for _______.
factories
Where did Britain gain cotton from?
Americas, India, Egypt
Britain used cotton to uplift its ______.
textile industry
______ was harsh towards the Congo people in Africa when they didn’t meet their _____ quota.
King Leopold II of Belgium, rubber
Diamond Rush in _______. Rhodes become _______. His racist policies and discrimination lead to _______.
South Africa. Prime Minister, Apartheid
What is “civilizing mission”?
An ideology that drove Europeans to conquer Asia & Africa. It sends European men to improve a country’s culture. (government, education, healthcare)
How did nationalism contribute to the development of imperialism?
European powers realized that there is a finite amount of resources and projected power depending on how many colonies they own.
Define imperialism:
expanding power through exploiting another country’s resources diplomatically or through military force. (uses the country for economic gain).
Explain King Leopold II and the Congo.
He privately bought the Congo. Punished workers (African people) who didn’t meet the rubber quota. (Cut hands/feet off) which makes them unable to ever make the specific rubber amount. Make someone treated less than.
What new territories did the U.S aquire?
Hawaii/Philippines
What new territories did Japan acquire?
Region in China
What led to the decline of the Spanish and Portuguese based on their height of power in the 1450 to 1750 time period?
Increased competition between other European colonies to establish settlements.
What is a settler colony?
Colonies in which large numbers people settled to exploit the land. (to assert political dominance)
Examples of settler colonies in this time period. List 3.
South Africa, Australia, New Zealand
What was the outcome of the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857?
-BEI leaves, the British government takes over
-Start if Queen Victoria and the British raj (direct control)
Why did the Sepoys rebel?
Both Muslims and Hindus noticed smeared animal fat (cows/pigs) on cartridges. This went against their religious beliefs.
Who are sepoys?
Indian soldiers, trained for British army
How did Sepoy rebellion influence events in 20th century?
Indian National Congress, Gandhi, Salt March
What happened in the Anglo-Zulu War?
Zulu people go against British and their machine guns.
How did nationalism play a role in the Anglo-Zulu War? Who won?
Zulu people wanted to be in an independent South African state.
British wanted to expand territory. British victory.
Describe environmental factors that led to development of a global economy.
Free Markets/Need for resources.
China accepts silver in exchange for ________. Spanish mines in _______ help them send silver coins to China.
tea,silk,ceramics
Potosi, Bolivia (Lt. America)
Silver minted coins became the __________ after the use of it by Spanish.
world’s first global currency
How is economic imperialism different than imperialism in previous times?
Previously it was mostly mercantilist (take resources). Now it’s direct control over economics to make money.
What was the outcome of the Opium wars?
British defeat China, gain economic advantage
How did environmental factors drive migration? Give example.
Moving to countries for job. Irish and Chinese immigrate to America and work on building transcontinental railroad.
The Irish migrated because of ________ and the Chinese migrated because of _______ They both felt that America ______.
potato famine, Taiping Rebellion, provided more jobs
_______ was a revolt against religious persecution faced by Han Chinese. ______ was a revolt to limit foreign influence in China.
Taiping rebellion
Boxer rebellion
Describe Boxer rebellion
Chinese oppose western powers trying to carve spheres of influence.
Describe Taiping Rebellion
Peasant revolt in China against Qing. Foreigner Manchu Qing with Han Chinese.
What was the potato famine?
1845 - Ireland starvation/disease
How did new technology facilitate migration?
Railroads, Steamships, Telegraph
Telegraph allowed for __________.
faster communication of text
What did immigration lead to in the host country?
-diffusion of culture, alter demographics
_____ and ______ to migrate to SE Asia to work on _____.
Chinese, Indians, plantations (sugar/cotton/tea)
What was the Chinese exclusion act?
Bill passed by U.S to ban Chinese entry
What was the White Australia policy?
Kept Only Whites in Australia, discriminated against other races. Policy lasted until 1970’s.
Migrations led to developments in the Americas such as ________. It connected the ____ to the ____.
Transcontinental Railroad. East, West
America experienced ___________ due to immigration.
Italian food, mob, chinese food and culture
Irish people face __________ when they integrated themselves into Britain in 1801 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
religious discrimination (they were Catholic)
-local crown was Protestant led
A new type of imperialism that attempts to replace indigenous with Europeans and European culture.
Settler Colonialism
________ term for a country that has an economy dependent solely on revenue from exporting a single product or commodity.
Banana Republic
Ethnic enclave
where people share common cultural elements grouped in one area.
