Unit 6 Flashcards
Where did the Industrial Revolution originate?
Great Britain
How did industrialization shape every day life (in the areas industrialization was prominent)?
It promoted the development of new classes, rapid urbanization ensued, and overtime it altered the family dynamic structure for bourgeois and working-class families
What factors influenced the development of industrialization in Britain?
They had a ready supply of raw materials, efficient transportation, previous mechanization of textiles, agricultural stability, many inventors and investors, plus a favorable social and political climate
What accounted for the lag of industrialization in Eastern and Southern Europe?
Geography placement, lack of resources, persistence of serfdom, more dire problems like famine and debt, and inadequate government sponsorship are just some examples
What was the Crystal Palace at the Great Exhibition?
It was an international exhibit in Britain that was established in 1851. It basically showed off a ton of their industrial innovations
What did role did railroads play during the Industrial Revolution?
It was by far the most efficient mode of transportation yet, it stimulated the economy by creating more industries, improved the distribution of goods, spread industrialization, increased consumerism, and enhanced quality of life overall
What effects did the repealing of the Corn Laws have on Britain?
It was an act done by the British Parliament in 1846 which ended protective tariffs, making grain cheaper for consumers
Main differences between first and second industrial revolutions
While the First Revolution brought about the invention of machines and most importantly the steam engine, the Second Revolution brought about inventions in the way energy was produced and used and emphasized steel production
When did more areas of Europe start to experience industrial activity? What caused it to spread?
During the second industrial revolution; many people admired and desired Britain’s level of industrial prosperity, so many nations copied Britain’s tactics and industrialization ensued around Europe
What role did heightened consumerism play after the second industrial revolution?
Industrialization and mass marketing increased production and demand for consumer goods; Prussia became the leader of unified Germany, which was rapidly industrializing
How did the middle class distinguish themselves from the working?
They sought to own many luxury items in their households, and distinguished gender roles were seen as the men worked white-collar jobs and the women stayed home to take care of her children; mass leisure was also played out with new leisure activities pursued by the middle and upper classes
Concert of Europe
Created by Metternich, the Concert sought to maintain the status quo in politics and religion through conservatism and intended to suppress nationalist and liberal revolutions
What triggered many of the revolutions in 1848?
Discontent with the political status quo and economic hardships
What were some examples of revolutions in the first half of the 19th century?
War of Greek Independence, July Revolution in France, and a Polish rebellion
What did liberals emphasize?
Popular sovereignty, individual rights, enlightened self-interest, and a willingness for change and reform
