Unit 6 Flashcards
3 major issues of developmental psychology
Nature and nurture
Continuity and stages
Stability and change
Stages of prenatal development
-Zygote fertilization-2 weeks
-Embryo 2-8 weeks
-Fetus 9 weeks- Birth
Teratogen
“Monster Maker”
Anything harmful to a fetus
(Chemicals, virus, drugs, alcohol,etc)
FAS
Fetal Alcohol syndrome
Disproportional/abnormal facial features/mental impairments
Maturation
The biological sequence of growth in behavior (nature)
Neonate reflexes
Rooting-stroke cheek, turns to lsuck
Moro-If dropped, baby reaches up
Babinski
Palmer/Grasping
Habituation
Decreased responsiveness after repeated stimulation (reduces stranger anxiety)
Schema
Collection of concepts
Assimilation v accommodation
Adding something that fits into an existing schema
Adjusting the schema to fit new information
Piagets cognitive stages
Sensorimotor
Pre-operational
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational
What do people in sensorimotor stage lack (and age range)
Birth to 2
Object permanence
What do people in pre operational stage lack/have (and age range)
no conservation of mass. Has, Egocentrism, theory of mind, intuitive thinking
2-6/7 years
What do people in Concrete operational stage lack (and age range)
Abstract thinking
Has logic, conservation, understands analogies/puns
6/7-11
What do people in formal operational stage have (and age range)
Longical, hypothetical, and abstract thought
12+
Theory of mind
ideas about others mental states
(Empathy)
Vygotsky-Social Cognitive
SZS
Sociocultural theory-cognition develops through social interactions
ZPD-ideal for growth, between CaN and cant
Scaffolding-Checkpointing/Step by step (like training wheels)
Harlow
Monkies and attachment
Showed contact comfort and need for secure base (cloth mother)
Lorenz
Duck guy
Showed imprinting and familiarity with the maternal figure
Ainsworth
Strange situation
Child left alone, mother comes back
Showed insecure v secure attachment
Self concept is your ___, Demonstrated____
understanding of who you are
in Rouge/Mirror test
Who studied parenting types/3 types?
Baumrind
Permissive authoritative authoritarian
Men prefer social ___ women seek social _____
Power/Connectedness
Gender roles
Cultural and social expectations based on gender
Gender schema
Framework for what is boy and girl
Social learning theory
Bandura
Observing and imitating gendered actions reinforces them
Gender typing and Gender identity
Natural acquisition of traditional gender roles
Person sense of being male or female
Rat brain study
Enriched rats in good environments had enriched brains and vise versa
Rosenzweig
Experiences trigger..
The pruning process->use it or lose it
Early childhood critical in shaping brain
Kohlbers stages of moral development
Pre-conventional-Avoid Punishment/gain Reward
Conventional-Social approval, maintain order
Post-conventional-justice and law, universal ethics
Gillian
There are gender differences in morality
Men-abstract ideas of justice/ethics
Women-Harmony/social relations
Social intuitionism (Haidt)
That “go with your gut” feeling leading deduction making
Gerontology
Studying psychological effects of aging
Physical aging
Menopause
Health
Life expectancy
Sensory ability
Dementia/altz
Cognitive decline with aging
Memory worsens
Recall performance is worse than recognition
Cohort effects
The time you were raised in effects how you turn out
Ross stages of death
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
Storm of stress that comes with adolescences
Hall
