Unit 5 Flashcards
Memory
Learning through
-encoding
-storing
-retrieving
information
Explicit Memory
-Semantic and Episodic
-Facts, experiences, Non declarative
-EFFORTFUL processing
Where are explicit memories stored?
-Hippocampus
-Frontal lobe
Implicit memories
-Skills/ Classically conditioned associations
-Space Time Frequency
Non Declarative
Automatic
Where are implicit memories stored?
-Cerebellum-Conditioned/Automatic Reflexes
-Basal Ganglia- motor movement
Iconic
Sensory memory
-Tenths of a second
-Visual
Echoic
-Sensory Memory
-3-4 seconds
-Auditory Stimuli
LTP
-Neural Basis for learning
-Neurons released more efficiently creating more connections
Information/ Attkins-Shiffrin Model
Encoding, Storage and retrieval through:
Sensory Mem—->STM/WM—>LTM
Baddeley/ Maintnence Rehearsal
Working memory is a multi part system
-Language
-Visual semantic
-Short term episodic
Semantic memory
-Explicit
-Gen Facts/Knowledge
Bush: 3’s of memories
Processing- Encode, Store, Retrieve
Stages-Sensory/ST/LT
Types-Explicit, Implicit, Semantic
Episodic Memory
Explicit
-Past events/experiences
-Like an episode
Distributed practice
-Spacing Effect
-Massed Practicing
-Testing Effect
Forms of Effortful Processing
I’m champ!
Imagery
Mnemonics
Chunking
Hierarchy
Acronym
Mind Palace
Peg Words
Shallow vs Deep Processing
Shallow
-Acoustic/Visual
-Rapid Forgetting
Deep
-Semantic
-Meaning/ Durable
Serial processing
Performing one operation at a time
Opposite of parelell processing
Reterograde amnesia
Can’t remember the past
Anterograde Amnesia
Can’t make new memories
Reteroactive Interference
New information interfering with remembering past information
(Can’t remember past)
Proactive interference
Can’t remember PRESENT information because of past information
3 Measures of retention
-Recall
-Recognition
-Relearning
Repression
Freud
-Defense Mechanism
-Repressing painful memories to
-maintain Self control
-Minimize anxieties
What are the types of encoding?
Visual Acoustic Semantic
Ebbinghauss
-Nonsense syllables/Forgetting curve
-showed memory decays rapidly at first and levels off over time
Amygdala/Flashbulb Memory
Stress boosts learning
A vivid perfectly lasting memory
Overlearning
Number of reps to recall info with perfect accuracy
Aplysia
-Sea slugs
-Studied for memory
Storage decay
Forgetting is rapid but levels out over time
Ecncoding failure
When memory fails to form
-Short term is forgotten
What happens to memories in sleep?
They are moved from the hypothalamus to LTM
Retrieval Failure
Can’t retrieve from LTM to Working memory
(Tip of the tongue)
Imagination and Misinformation Effects
-Imagining events can create false memories
-False info can be incorporated into memory
Deja Vu
-Failure of retrieval cues
-Comes from Source Amnesia
Source amnesia
Misreclong source of information in memory
Context Dependent
-Retrieval Cue
-Being in same context as when Info was learned helps you remember it
State Dependent/Mood Congruent
Things learned in a state are best recalled in that state
