Unit 6 Flashcards
What is the general perceptions of sexual media & youth?
-sexual media is bad for youth
What is sexual media?
- broad -any representation of sex or sexual themes
- sexual behaviour
- suggestions of ^
- sexual talk
What is wrong with our definitions of sexual behaviour?
- very broad -like innuendos or hand holding or kissing could all count
- it differs depending on the study - no consistency
What is a better concept to define sexual content?
- continuum
- flirty/talking on one end & sexually explicit media on the other
- but where is the line between sexual intercourse & sexually explicit? -hard to find
How much sexual content do teens consume in TV?
- 70-80% of mainstream contains sexual content (similar for teen content, but less in tween)
- (sexual talk more common) -only 11% demonstrate sex intercourse
What genres of TV have higher sexual content? Which has lower?
Higher:
-dramas/sitcoms
Lower:
-reality and children’s cartoons (check reality?/)
How much sexual content in movies?
80% of movies has sexual content
-65% of G (but that includes kissing & hand holding)
How much sexual content in music?
- 40% of lyrics directed to teens have it
- 60-80% of music videos contain sexual imagery
What messages are (and are not) conveyed w/ sexual content in media?
- risks & responsibility (youth often doesn’t include ^)
- heterosexual script
- messages that sexual behaviour is slightly more associated w/ negative consequences (emotionally)
What can be 2 impacts of sexual media?
- sexual socialization
- sexualization
What is sexual socialization?
- process by which our sexual knowledge, values, attitudes, and behaviours develop
- influenced by more than biology -it’s peers, parents, culture, media
- third-person effect
What is sexualization? (& the 4 criteria)
- making something that isn’t sexual into something that is
- Am Psyc Assoc
- 1) a person’s value comes from sexual appeal/behaviour
- 2) held to standard that attractiveness = sexy
- 3) person made into a ‘thing’ for sexual use - sexual objectification
- 4) sexuality is inappropriately imposed upon someone (common w/ youth)
- diff from self-motivated
What is third-person effects w/ sexual media?
-teens think that media is impacts sexual development for others but not themselves
List the Theories that can be used for sexual media?
1) Social Cognition Theory
2) Cultivation Theory
3) Sexual Scripts Theory
4) Media Practice Model
How does Social Cognition theory relate to sexual media?
- social learning -Bandura
- media consumers will observe and model sexual behaviour -learn which are appropriate -rewarded vs. punished
- differences in who & what we model (more likely to model someone similar to us & who has other positive traits)
How does Cultivation Theory relate to sexual media?
- long-term consumption -repeated amount will shape our beliefs or attitudes
- heavy consumption more likely to be shaped
- see it more as reality -oh everyone’s having sex at 16 when only half are
How does Sexual Scripts Theory relate to sexual media?
- sexuality & sexual behaviour determined by scripts used to organize & understand sexual encounters
- stereotyped patterns of expectations
- cultural scenarios, interpersonal scripts, intrapsychic scripts
What are the 3 factors that influence our scripts? (& describe)
1) cultural scenarios
- norms/values -ex. men want sex, women want love -how expected to behave -(can diverge) -affect behaviour through interpersonal
2) interpersonal
- how we believe we should act -how I am going to act
3) intrapsychic scripts
- own individual motivations - personal behaviours
* all work together
What is Media Practice Model? & how does it differ?
- other theories are general -this is individualized -why we select and engage matters -media use is active
- your sense of self, identity & lived experience contributes
- teens - identity development is active -media impacts identity, identity impacts media
- choose media that looks like us -believable -relevant -level of engagements, whether mimic or not
- ** see slide image
Does sexual content impact us?
- there is reason to think so
- but research is limited
Why is sexual research hard to do?
- ethics
- how measuring sexual behaviours?
- most correlational & survey based
- age - not a lot w/ younger
What is sexual cognitions?
- how you think about sex
- greater # correlated w/ more permissive attitudes, assumptions, thought of fewer consequences, sexualization beliefs
- many research focuses on negative effects of sexual thoughts/content
- but can have positive effect on learning