Unit 5 Vocab (5.1-5.9) Flashcards
two major pre-Columbian Native American cultures in the eastern part of what is now the United States.
Hopewell→Mississippian cultures
large and influential Mississippian culture site, located near present-day Collinsville, Illinois, just east of the Mississippi River from St. Louis, Missouri. It flourished between approximately 1050 and 1350 CE and was one of the most significant urban centers in pre-Columbian North America.
Cahokia
the agricultural practices and cultural significance of maize (corn) among Native American societies in North America
Maize (Maize Culture)
Technique used in farming by the Iroquois and the Cherokee when corn, bean and squash were planted together
Three Sister Farming
An alliance of 6 native american tribes in the Upper New York area
Iroquois Confederacy
a group of Native American peoples primarily located in the Southwest United States, including parts of New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Utah. They are known for their distinctive agricultural practices, settled communities, and unique architectural styles, particularly their multistoried adobe dwellings.
Pueblos
Sometimes used to describe native people
Aborigene
a population or society that is largely uniform in terms of its culture, ethnicity, religion, or other characteristics.
homogenous
A group of missions founded in by Franciscan monks in the Spanish colonies that forces Native people to convert to Catholicism and adopt Spanish agriculture and culture.
Mission System
Uprising by the Pueblos against spanish colonizers where they rebelled against the harsh treatment, forced religious conversion, and exploitation. Was successful and they ended up with a more equal relationship with the Spanish.
Pueblo Revolt (Pope’s Rebellion)
The guy who was a spanish missoinary who didn’t think that native people should not be enslaves because their souls would be lost to god forever.
Bartolomé De Las Casas
Wars between french and iroquois confederacy
Beaver War(s)
Long armed struggle between the ______ Indian confederacy and early English settlers in the tidewater section of Virginia and southern Maryland. The conflict resulted in the destruction of the Indian power.
Powhatan War(s)
War that resulted in the destruction of the Native tribe besides the Mohegan in New England. Took place before King Philip’s war
Pequot War
Metacom’s War (aka King Philip’s War)
When the pueblo people violently removed spanish people from their land.
Pueblo Revolt
the process by which the American colonies adopted English culture, customs, and political practices during the colonial period, particularly in the 17th and 18th centuries
Anglicization (derived from “Anglo-Saxon”)
social, ethnic, and religious group in the United States, typically characterized as white, of English (or other Northwestern European) descent, and Protestant in religion.
WASP (white Anglo-Saxon Protestant)
The major intellectual and cultural movement, primarily in the 17th and 18th centires, that emphasized reason, logic, and individual liberty over dogma and tradition
Enlightenment
Fundamental rights that every person is born with, including life, liberty, and property
Natural rights
The idea that people give up some of their rights to be governed. However, if the government doesn’t do its job, the people have the right to remove it.
Social contract
That one guy who came up with the natural rights during enlightenment
John Locke
exchange of printed materials, including newspapers, pamphlets, books, and other publications, between Europe and the American colonies (and later, the United States) during the 17th and 18th centuries
Transatlantic print culture
Religious Revival movement that swept through the american colonies in the 1730s and the 1740s characterized by emotional preaching, widespread conversions, and renewed emphasis on personal religious experience
First Great Awakening
A type of outdoor revival meeting that was held on the American frontier during the 19th century by various Protestant denominations
Camp Meeting/Revival
revivalist preachers and followers who emphasized emotional, personal religious experiences
New Light Clergy
Revivalist preacher and philosopher in the first great awakening
Jonathan Edwards
Peacher in the first great awakening, founder of methodism and the evangelical movement.
George Whitefield
The belief that god has predetermined the fate of individuals
predestination
A smaller sect of a larger religion
Denomination (e.g. Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian)
Government when power is held in the hands of a small group of people
aristocracy
Feeling of enthusiasm and dedication toward industrial growth, innovation, and economic development during periods of significant industrial change
Spirit of industry
A protestant religious revival during the late 18th to early 19th century (late 1700s to early 1800s)
Second Great Awakening
They were good deeds that were meant to bring you closer to God (christianity), such as helping those in need, volunteering, and showing kindness.
Good works
1820s-1850s. Period of significant economic and social transformation in the US
Market Revolution
Philosophy that women should channel their energies into their domestic roles to help their nation
Republican Motherhood
Movement to end slavery and liberate enslaved individuals around the world.
Abolition
a group of individuals who enter into an agreement, usually as volunteers, to form a body (or organization) to accomplish a purpose.
Voluntary societies
Abolitionist in the decades preceding the Civil War. First reaching national prominence in the 1850s for his radical abolitionism and fighting in Bleeding Kansas
John Brown
The word used to describe the dominant role of a certain crob in the antebellum southern economy
King Cotton
an American abolitionist, suffragist, poet, temperance activist, teacher, public speaker, and writer. Beginning in 1845, she was one of the first African American women to be published in the United States.
Frances Watkins Harper
American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. He became the most important leader of the movement for African-American civil rights in the 19th century.
Frederick Douglas
The period before the American civil war. (1862-2865)
Antebellum
Legal mechanism used to abolish slavery over some time. (EG: Slaves born after a certain date will be free)
Gradual emancipation
Amendment that granted Citizenship to all people born in the US
14th amendment
Amendment in 1870, prohibits the denial or abridgment of the right to vote based on “race color, or previous condition of servitude”
15th amendment
The group of people who aren’t rich or poor. They have a little more money and a little more time than the lowest class. This group emerges in the Gilded age
Middle Class
Income that you have after you pay your mandatory expenses and taxes.
Disposable income
Things people do in their free time; AKA Hobbies
Leisure activities
A retail establishment that fofered a wide range of consumer goods in different areas of the store.
Department store
Reform - minded journalists, writers, and photographers meant to expose the rotting underbelly of the system to the general public to promote change.
Muckraker
The preservation/protection/mangement of natural resources.
Conservation
The right to vote
Suffrage
Widespread issue during Gilded Age and Progressive Era when certain children worked in dangerous and unsanitar conditions
Child Labor
the right to fair wages, safe working conditions, freedom of association, and the elimination of forced labor
Workers Rights
The movement to ban alcohol
Temperance
social reformer, and photographer who became famous for using photography and writing to expose the harsh living conditions of the urban poor in New York City during the late 19th century.
Jacob Riis
writer, journalist, and social reformer who exposed the harsh working conditions and unsanitary practices in the American meatpacking industry
Upton Sinclair
African American journalist, educator, and civil rights activist who became one of the most prominent anti-lynching crusaders in U.S. history.
Ida B. Wells
