2.1 - 2.5 ✔️ Flashcards
The transfer of plants, animals, diseases and people between the Americas and Eurasia + africa.
Columbian Exchange
Many Europeans exchanged manufactured goods for this.
Fur trade
The colony from Netherlands
New Amsterdam/New Netherlands
The colony from France
New France
The colony from Spain
New Spain
one of the first joint-stock companies in the world
Dutch East India Company
The 3 G’s that drove imperialism.
Gold, God, Glory
The economic policy that is designed to maximize the exports and minimize the imports for an economy. In other words, it seeks to maximize the accumulation of resources within the country
Mercantilism
The exchange of rum, slaves, and molasses between the North American colonies, Africa, and the West Indies. A small but immensely profitable subset of the Atlantic trade.
Triangular Trade
Oceanic trade in African people. European traders loaded African captives at dozens of points in the African coast
Tranatlantic Slave Trade
A British law that imposed a tax on molasses, sugar, and rum imported from non-British foreign colonies into the North American Colonies.
Molasses Act
Series of laws passed, beginning in 1651, to regulate colonial shipping; the acts provided that only English ships would be allowed to trade in English and colonial ports and that all goods destined for the colonies would first pass through England.
Navigation Acts
(1688-1763) Unofficial policy of relaxed royal control over colonial trade and only weak gov enforcement of Navigation Laws.
Salutary Neglect
(1676) Uprising of Virginia black country farmers and indentured servants led by Nathaniel Bacon; Initially a response to Governor William Berkeley’s refusal to protect back country settlers from Native attacks, the rebellion eventually grew into a broader conflict between impoverished settlers and the planter elite.
Bacon’s Rebellion
Form of labor where an individual would work under a contract without a salary to repay a loan (eg, to repay for the passage to america)
Indentured Servitude
A type of cash crop
Rice
The common form of slavery known to Americans. System allowed people - who were considered legal property - to be sold, bought and owned forever.
Chattel Slavery
A cash crop
Tobacco
The stage of the transatlantic slave trade where they had to survive the sea ships.
Middle passage
Central banking started in 1791
First National Bank
Tax imposed on certain foreign imports. Meant to help promote businesses in country.
Tariffs
Assume state debts, creation of a national bank, support for the new nation’s emerging industries
Hamilton’s Financial Plan
(1794) Uprising of whiskey distillers in the southwestern Pennsylvania in opposition to an excise tax on whiskey. In a show of strength by the new central government, Washington put down the rebellion with militia drawn from several states.
Whiskey Rebellion
Series of meetings to discuss proposing amendment’s that would limit the growing power of the southern and western states.
Hartford Convention 1814
A term used historically in the US for public works regarding creation of transportation infrastructure.
Internal Improvements
Henry Clay’s 3 pronged system to promote American Industry. Advocated for strong banking system, a protective tariff, and a federally funded transportation network.
American System
tariffs levied by an importing country to protect its domestic industry.
Protective Tariffs
The second federally authorized Hamiltonian national bank in the United States.
Second National Bank
Explosive economic growth and new personal wealth created. The shift from traditional, moral econ to modern free-market capitalist system
Market Revolution
First navigable waterway connecting the atlantic ocean to the great lakes
Erie Canal
(1793) invention that sped up process of harvesting cotton. Made cotton cultivation more profitable, revitalized the southern economy and increased the importance of slavery in the South.
Cotton gin
Labor production model that was employed during the rise of the textile industry in the US (labor production system where manufacturing process done under one roof)
Lowell System
Used for communications
Telegraph
Used to move trains
Railroads
Machine used steam power to perform mechanical work through the agency of heat.
steam Engine
Advancement that allowed farmers to cultivate crops more efficiently
Steel plow
Mechanized device that automated the weaving process
power loom
Small manufacturing operation run out of a home by single individual or a family.
Cottage industry
the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g. buildings, roads, power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
Infrastructure
