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Ap Pysch > Unit 5 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 5 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

hypnosis researcher

A

Nicholas Spanos

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2
Q

a Swiss scientist known best for being the first person to synthesize, ingest and learn of the psychedelic effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)

A

Albert Hofmann

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3
Q

believed hypnosis invovles not only social influences but also a special state of dissociation. Hilgard’s HYPNOSIS

A

Ernest Hilgard

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4
Q

considered dreams the key to understanding our inner conflict

A

Sigmund Freud

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5
Q

Sleep researcher who discovered and coined the phrase “rapid eye movement” (REM) sleep.

A

William Dement

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6
Q

found most humans will sleep 9 hours if uninterrupted

A

Stanley Coren

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7
Q

a powerful hallucigenic drug; also known as acid

A

LSD

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8
Q

psychedlic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perception and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

A

hallucinogens

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9
Q

a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition

A

ecstasy (MDMA)

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10
Q

the act of deep thinking or reflection

A

meditation

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11
Q

a training program in which a person is given information about physiological processes (heart rate or blood pressure) that is not normally available with the goal of gaining conscious control of them

A

biofeedback

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12
Q

theory that dreams reflect inputs from brain activation originating in the pons, which the forebrain then attempts to weave into a story

A

activation-synthesis theory

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13
Q

recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

A

insomnia

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14
Q

a state of psychological equilibrium obtained when tension or a drive has been reduced or eliminated

A

homeostasis

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15
Q

the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations

A

THC

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16
Q

an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations

A

near-death experience

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17
Q

a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

A

methamphetamine

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18
Q

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

A

amphetamines

19
Q

drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up the body functions

A

stimulants

20
Q

opium and its derivatives, (such as morphine and heroin); they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

A

opiates

21
Q

drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment

A

barbiturates

22
Q

drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce activity and slow body functions

A

depressants

23
Q

a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions

A

psychological dependence

24
Q

a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued

A

physical dependence

25
Q

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug

A

withdrawal

26
Q

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect

A

tolerance

27
Q

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

A

psychoactive drug

28
Q

a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

A

dissociation

29
Q

a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors

A

posthypnotic suggestions

30
Q

a social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings thoughts or behaviors will spontaneously occur

A

Hypnosis

31
Q

the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep)

A

REM rebound

32
Q

according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content)

A

latent content

33
Q

according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content)

A

manifest content

34
Q

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer’s delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it

A

dream

35
Q

a sleep disorder characterized by a high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered

A

night terrors

36
Q

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

A

sleep apnea

37
Q

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times

A

narcolepsy

38
Q

non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep

A

NREM sleep

39
Q

false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

A

delta waves

40
Q

periodic, natural loss of consciousness - as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation

A

sleep

41
Q

the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

A

alpha waves

42
Q

rapid eye moment sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active

A

REM sleep

43
Q

the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle

A

circadian rhythm

44
Q

our awareness of ourselves and our environment

A

consciousness

Ap Pysch (14 decks)

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