Unit 5 Test Flashcards
Test 3: Ancient Greece (October 23, 2024)
Which BEST explains why Minoan civilization was able to develop its rich culture?
A. Its extensive mining activities, especially gold and silver, attracted many scholars to Crete.
B. Its advanced war technology and tactics helped it conquer most of its neighbors and plunder their wealth and culture.
C. Its island location and trading activities allowed it to acquire ideas and technology from other civilizations.
D. Its abundant agriculture helped it become a food exporter, which led to great wealth.
C. Its island location and trading activities allowed it to acquire ideas and technology from other civilizations.
Name 2 Greek playwrights
1) Aeschylus
2) Sophocles
How was Socrates killed?
Socrates was sentenced to death by drinking poison hemlock for the “crime” of corrupting the minds of the youth of Athens. He chose to drink the poison rather than flee and used this as a final lesson for his followers.
Vocab:
City of ancient Crete, the principal center of Minoan civilization that dominated the Aegean
Knossos
What other cultures influenced Minoan civilization?
The Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations
What was the name of the war between Athens and Sparta
Peloponnesian War
Which Greek philosopher said that you live your best life when you live in moderation
Aristotle
Vocab:
Altar, Chapel, or other sacred place
Shrine
Why did the Mycenaeans come to power in the mainland and Crete?
They invaded and conquered the lands.
What is the alliance of Greek states against Persia?
Delian league
Which Greek philosopher was a teacher who asked questions about everything
Socrates
Vocab:
Colorful painting completed on wet plaster
Fresco
According to the text, what are some of the values apparent in the Iliad and the Odyssey?
Honor, courage, and eloquence
Term for voting to banish someone from a city-state
Ostracism
Which Greek philosopher had a misogynist theory of women
Aristotle
Vocab:
Military conflict between Myceanea and Troye (described in the Illiad and Oddessey)
Trojan war
According to Greek legend, what sets off the Trojan War?
The Trojan prince, Paris, kidnaps Helen, wife of the Greek king of Sparta
Who abolished debt slavery
Solon
Which Greek philosopher liked the idea of a republic?
Plato
Vocab:
Narrow water passage
Strait
How did geographical features, including mountains and the sea, affect Greek city-states’ development?
They developed separately.
3 battles of the Persian war
1) Plataea
2) Marathon
3) Salamis
Which Greek philosopher tried to get people to think
Socrates
Vocab:
(750 B.C.) according to tradition the author of the epic poems, the Illiad and the Odyssey, is thought to have traveled from village to village singing about the heroic deeds of warriors during the Trojan War
Homer
How were trials in Athens similar to trials in the United States today?
The accused was considered innocent until proven guilty.
Athenian tyrant
Psistratus
Which Greek philosopher was very logical and believed that all logic makes sense in 1 major system
Aristotle
Vocab:
city-state in ancient Greece
Polis
Why were soldiers and merchants unsatisfied by the aristocratic government in Athens?
They thought that they should have more rights.
Republic and the idea of ideal forms philosopher
Plato
Which Greek philosopher had a religion named Neoplatonism that was adapted into Christianity
Plato
Vocab:
Highest and most fortified point within a Greek city-state
Acropolis
In spite of their differences, what did the Greek city-states share?
Religious beliefs and heroic legends
Strict law giver
Draco
Which Greek philosopher was more evidentiary
Aristotle
Vocab:
Legal member of a country
Citizen
How did the Persian War affect the balance of power among the Greek city-states?
Athens dominated over other city-states.
What were the dates of the Minoans?
Around 2000 BC
Which Greek philosopher was charged with corrupting the youth of Athens
Socrates
Vocab:
A form of government in which the state is ruled by a monarch
Monarchy
How does the Socratic method of teaching work?
The teacher asks a series of questions, which causes students to question their own assumptions.
What were the dates of the Mycenaeans?
1600BC - 1200BC
Which Greek philosopher challenged the original beliefs of Gods
Socrates
Vocab:
Government headed by a privileged minority or upper-class
Aristocracy
How was early Greek sculpture different from later Greek sculpture?
Early Greek sculpture showed rigid human forms, while later Greek sculpture showed idealized natural forms.
What was an extremely profitable trade product for the Minoans and what was it used for?
Olive oil; It was used for medicine, beauty products, soap, and skin cleaning.
Which Greek philosopher believed that we know what we know because our soul knew it before we did
Plato
Vocab:
Government in which ruling power belongs to a few people
Oligarchy
How does the Parthenon reflect balance and order in its architecture?
It is based on a rectangle and has tall columns leading to a gently sloping roof.
What was the name for the type of art on the Minoan walls and give some examples of what was shown?
Frescos; There were bull dancers, pictures of the sea, and people. They also represented their culture in their art.)
Which Greek philosopher never wrote anything but made his students write
Socrates
Vocab:
In ancient Greece, a massive tactical formation of heavily armed foot soldiers
Phalanx
What two forms of drama did the Ancient Greeks develop?
Comedy and tragedy
How did the Mycenaeans provide water to their main city?
Through a cistern (They had a spring in an underground system 60 ft down)
Which Greek philosopher had a theory that everything had an ideal form before we existed
Plato
Vocab:
City-state in ancient Greece settled by the Dorians and built as a military state
Sparta
How did Thucydides’ experiences affect his writing?
Thucydides lived through the Peloponnesian Wars and wrote about the horror of war.
What was the main island of the Minoans?
Crete
Which Greek philosopher died from drinking poison hemlock (berries)
Socrates
Vocab:
City-state in ancient Greece that evolved from a monarchy to a limited direct democracy and became famous for its great cultural achievements
Athens
In what way did Greece’s crushing defeat by Philip II of Macedonia lead to a flowering of Greek culture?
Greek culture was spread throughout much of the world by Alexander.
What was the name of the main city for the Minoans?
Knossos
Which Greek philosopher believed that we understand reality and our truth through the sense
Aristotle
Vocab:
A form of government in which citizens hold political power
Democracy
Which BEST summarizes Alexander’s attitude towards his Persian dominions?
He encouraged a blending of Greek and Persian customs.
Which civilization had domed tombs?
The Mycenaeans
What did Pericles, who was part of Athens, do during the Peloponnesian War?
He called everyone into the city walls, and a plague swept through the city, killing 1/3 of the population
Vocab:
Ruler who gained power by force in ancient Greece
Tyrant
What was an important result of the reign of Alexander the Great?
The spread of Greek culture from the Mediterranean to the Middle East
Which civilizations had indoor plumbing?
The Minoans
Who believed the past would repeat itself?
Thucydides
Vocab:
Lawmaking body
Legislature
What were the accomplishments of Archimedes?
He developed the lever and pulley and a mechanical pump to lift water.
Goddess whose name was adopted by Athens
Athena
Who is considered the greatest historian of the classical age?
Thucydides
Vocab:
Formal agreement between two or more nations or powers to cooperate and come to one another’s defense
Alliance
An example of the spread of mathematical ideas that occurred in classical Greece is…
the Arabic versions of Euclid’s work.
Paintings in watercolor done on wet plaster that decorate Minoan palace walls
Fresco
Who is considered the first historian?
Herodotus, since he accurately reported events from the time
Vocab:
(495 B.C.–429 B.C.) An Athenian statesman in the 400s B.C. who led Athens during its golden age of cultural achievement under democratic government
Pericles
Analyzed different types of government and living by the golden mean
Aristotle
T or F:
Greek culture was preserved and eventually became part of Eastern civilization.
False: Greek culture was preserved and eventually became part of Western civilization.
What two genres of theater are the Greeks best known for?
comedy and tragedy
Vocab:
A fixed salary given to public office holders
Stipend
10 neighborhoods or townships that determined Athenian civilization
Demes
Winner of the Peloponnesian War
Sparta
Who built the first theaters?
Pericles
Vocab:
System of government in which citizens participate directly in the day-to-day affairs of government rather than through elected representatives
Direct Democracy
T or F:
According to the Law Code of Crete, you can sue someone without kidnapping them.
True
What place did King Philip II of Macedonia want to take control of?
Persia
How was Athens glorified?
Money was used from the Delian League to beautify Athens, to build things such as the Parthenon, to honor Athens, and form classical art
Vocab:
Group of people with authority to make a decision in a legal case
Jury