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World History (10th) > Unit 3 Test > Flashcards

Unit 3 Test Flashcards

Test 2: India and China (September 30, 2024)

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1
Q

Vocab:
A large, mostly flat area that rises above the surrounding land

A

plateau

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2
Q

What was the order of the dynasties in China?

A

Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song

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3
Q

How did geography affect where ancient peoples settled on the Indian subcontinent?

A

Settlements developed in river valleys that were fertile for farming.

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4
Q

Vocab:
Seasonal wind that regularly blows from (northeast or southwest) a certain direction for part of the year

A

monsoon

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5
Q

T or F:

During the Golden Age of India, the Guptas developed a decimal system, along with lots of other technological advances

A

true

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6
Q

What do archaeologists identify as one possible reason for the decline of the Indus civilization?

A

Farming became difficult due to factors such as decreased rainfall.

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7
Q

Vocab:
The blending of two or more cultures

A

Acculturation

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8
Q

Which river did the earliest civilizations of China live along?

A

the Huang

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9
Q

As Vedic people settled into farming communities, they developed…

A

a tribal political system ruled by rajahs that later formed the basis for small independent kingdoms.

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10
Q

Vocab:
Large ancient city of the Indus civilization, located in present-day Pakistan

A

Harrappa

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11
Q

T or F:

Ashoka sent missionaries to spread Hinduism

A

false:
Ashoka sent missionaries to spread Buddhism

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12
Q

In the four traditional varna described in the Vedas, the role of the Kshatriya was to…

A

protect and govern.

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13
Q

T or F:

Ashoka’s rule was harsh, while Chandragupta’s was peaceful

A

False:
Ashoka’s was peaceful, while Chandragupta’s was harsh

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13
Q

Vocab:
Ancient city of the Indus Civilization, located in present-day Pakistan

A

Mohenjo-Daro

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14
Q

What is one of the values revealed through the Indian epics?

A

The importance of duty over personal desires

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15
Q

Vocab:
In Ancient India, the elected warrior chief of an Ayran tribe.

A

Rajah

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15
Q

Vocab:
A collection of chants, rituals, prayers, hymns, and other religious teachings developed in ancient India around 1500 B.C.

A

the Vedas

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16
Q

Who founded the first Indian empire?

A

Chandragupta Mauryan

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16
Q

In Hinduism, what is the role of reincarnation in achieving moksha?

A

Reincarnation allows one to work toward moksha through several lifetimes.

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17
Q

T or F:

Buddhism spread into sects

A

true

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18
Q

How did Hinduism originate?

A

It developed from the overlapping beliefs of different groups in India.

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19
Q

T or F
Buddhists can’t reach nirvana in their lifetime, only when they die

A

False:
Buddhists can reach nirvana in their lifetime while they are alive

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20
Q

Vocab:
In the Vedic society of ancient India, a personality type determined a person’s occupation and later a category in India’s caste system

A

Varna

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21
Q

Over time, social and cultural customs evolved into a system of jati in India, in which…

A

a person was born into a particular subcaste with its own occupation and leaders.

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22
Q

Vocab:
In the belief system established in Vedic India, a single spiritual power that resides in all things

A

Braham

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23
Q

Vocab:
In Hindu belief, the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form

A

Reincarnation

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23
Q

What is the final goal of Buddhists?

A

To reach nirvana through virtuous living and meditation

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23
Q

The fourth of the 4 noble truths states to follow the __________________?

A

Eightfold path

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23
Q

Which occurrence led to the spread of Buddhism beyond India?

A

Missionaries and traders spread Buddhism to other parts of Asia.

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24
Q

How did Chandragupta’s and Ashoka’s approaches to ruling differ?

A

Chandragupta relied on force while Ashoka ruled by example.

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24
Q

Vocab:
In Hindu belief, the ultimate goal of existence, which is to achieve union with Brahman

A

Moksha

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25
Q

The Buddha taught the ______________ which are the teachings at the very heart of Buddhism

A

Four Noble Truths

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26
Q

Vocab:
In Hindu belief, a person’s essential self (the ultimate power within)

A

Atman

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27
Q

Who is the founder of Buddhism?

A

Siddhartha Gautama

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28
Q

Which of the following was NOT an achievement under the Guptas during the golden age in India?
A. Creation of a uniform system of writing used throughout India
B. Collected folk tales and songs recorded in the Sanskrit language
C. Advances in mathematics, including numerals and the decimal system
D. Medical advances, including vaccinating against diseases

A

A. Creation of a uniform system of writing used throughout India

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29
Q

Vocab:
Person who devotes his or her life to seeking direct communication with the divine

A

Mystic

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30
Q

How did India’s great rulers maintain peace and order?

A

They had strong central governments and encouraged economic growth.

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30
Q

T or F
people in higher castes were believed to be of more spiritual purity

A

true

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31
Q

Vocab:
In Hindu belief, all the actions that determine a person’s fate in the next life

A

Karma

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32
Q

What are subcastes of Hindu society known as?

A

Jati

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33
Q

Vocab:
In Hindu belief, the religious and moral duties of an individual

A

Dharma

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34
Q

How was society divided in Ancient India?

A

in castes

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34
Q

How did geography influence trade in the Tamil kingdoms?

A

Harbors on the Indian Ocean enabled the Tamil to engage in overseas trade.

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35
Q

Which characteristic of family and village life shaped Indian society?

A

Families trained their children to fulfill the duties of their caste.

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36
Q

Vocab:
Hindu belief in nonviolence and reverence for all life

A

Ahisma

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37
Q

Vocab:
In India, an occupational group, part of the caste system

A

Jati

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38
Q

One part of dharma is practicing ____________or non-violence towards everyone and everything

A

Ahisma

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39
Q

In what way did China’s isolated geography contribute to its development as a country?

A

Isolation allowed China to develop on its own, without a great deal of interference from foreign invasion.

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40
Q

Vocab:
In traditional Indian society, an unchangeable social group into which a person is born

A

Caste

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41
Q

Hindus believe in _____ or that a person’s actions determine the person’s fate in this life or the next.

A

Kharma

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42
Q

In both the Shang and Zhou societies, how were different regions governed?

A

Noble landowners governed their own regions.

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43
Q

How can people escape reincarnation in Hinduism?

A

by following their dharma

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43
Q

What aspect of Confucianism contributed to its long-lasting influence?

A

Its philosophy of ensuring social order and good government.

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44
Q

Vocab:
As taught by the Buddha, the four basic beliefs that form the foundation of Buddhism

A

Four Noble Truths

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45
Q

Vocab:
As taught by the Buddha, the path one must follow to achieve nirvana

A

Eight Fold Path

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45
Q

T or F
The purpose of Hinduism is to achieve the Moksha, or union with Brahman

A

true

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46
Q

Why did Daoist painters choose water to represent Daoist beliefs?

A

Water was a symbol of nature and the virtue of yielding.

47
Q

People have a ___________ or essential self in Hinduism

A

Atman

48
Q

Which of the following is one of the notable achievements of early China?

A

a complex system of writing

49
Q

Vocab:
In Buddhist belief, union with the universe and release from the cycle of birth

A

Nirvana

49
Q

T or F
Brahman is the force of everything in Hinduism

A

true

49
Q

T or F
Hinduism does not have a single founder

A

true

50
Q

How did Shi Huang-di impose allegiance to a central government?

A

By replacing feudal states with military districts run by local officials

51
Q

Vocab:
Buddha

A

Siddrahta Guatama

52
Q

Why was the Han period considered a Golden Age of Chinese civilization?

A

because of advances in science, medicine, technology, and the arts

53
Q

Vocab:
A subgroup of a major religious group

A

Sect

54
Q

What two major religions emerged in Ancient India?

A

Buddhism and Hinduism

55
Q

What was one effect of the Silk Road on China?

A

The Silk Road promoted trade/the exchange of goods and ideas between people and places throughout China.

56
Q

T or F
From the very beginning of Vedic societies, people in India worshipped Brahman.

A

False:
Towards the beginning of the Vedic societies, people worshipped gods and goddesses who used natural forces, such as the sun, sky, etc. Later, people began to change their beliefs and started worshipping Brahman.

57
Q

Why was the Silk Road an important part of Chinese history?

A

It promoted the exchange of goods and ideas between China and other parts of the world.

58
Q

Vocab:
Ideas that oppose those of the government

A

Dissent

59
Q

T or F
First people were assigned varnas based on their abilities but later, it was divided by the work people did.

A

true

60
Q

What is one of the factors that helped Buddhism spread through China?

A

Mahayana Buddhism offered escape from suffering and the promise of achieving salvation.

61
Q

Vocab:
Someone sent to do religious work in a territory or foreign country

A

Missionary

62
Q

Vocab:
A family organization in which several generations share a common dwelling

A

Joint family

63
Q

1st Indian Empire

A

Mauryan

63
Q

How many personality types, or varna did the Vedas describe?

A

4

64
Q

vocab:
Government officials

A

Civil servants

64
Q

Inventions of the Tang Dynasty:

A

gun power, clocks, woodblock printing, The Diamond Sutra

65
Q

Buddhist Emperor

A

Ashoka

66
Q

How do we know about the Vedic civilizations formed from acculturation?

A

through the Vedas

67
Q

Vocab:
System of numbers based on 10

A

Decimal system

68
Q

How where Monhejo Daro and Harrappa more advanced than other civilizations at the time?

A

They both had complex plumbing systems, where very peaceful, and most likely declined because of environmental issues, not war.

68
Q

T or F:

Vedic people had a tribal political system

A

true

69
Q

Vocab:
Period of great cultural achievement

A

Golden Age

70
Q

Vocab:
In some societies, payment to a bridegroom from the bride and her family; payment women bring to the marriage

A

Dowry

71
Q

What are two major cities from the Indus river valley?

A

Harrappa and Mohejo-Daro

72
Q

Vocab:
Buddhist emperor; (last Mauryian emperor)

A

Ashoka

72
Q

Ancient Indian hymns, chants, rituals, and religious teachings

A

Vedas

73
Q

Vocab:
Fine windblown yellow soil

A

Loess

73
Q

What was the name of the chief of the Vedic tribe/tribal leaders?

A

Rajahs

74
Q

The longest dynasty in which nobles where powerful and prominent

A

Zhou

74
Q

Vocab:
First Mauryian emperor

A

Chandragupta Maurya

74
Q

What is one of the factors that helped Buddhism spread through China?

A

What is one of the factors that helped Buddhism spread through China?

74
Q

Vocab:
Written symbols in writing systems such as that of the Chinese

A

Characters

74
Q

Vocab:
Complete control of a product or business by one person or a group

A

Monopoly

75
Q

Vocab:
Old man when Confucius was a young scholar

A

Laozi

75
Q

Respect for parents

A

Filial piety

75
Q

Founder of the Qin dynasty, who favored strictness and legalism

A

Qin Shi Huang-di

76
Q

Why was the Silk Road an important part of Chinese history?

A

It promoted the exchange of goods and ideas between China and other parts of the world.

76
Q

Vocab:
Longest-reigning emperor of the Han Dynasty

A

Wudi

76
Q

Why was the Han period considered a Golden Age of Chinese civilization?

A

because of advances in science, medicine, technology, and the arts

77
Q

vocab:
The art of producing beautiful handwriting

A

Calligraphy

78
Q

Vocab:
Policy of increasing the amount of territory a government holds

A

Expansionism

79
Q

The Indian subcontinent extends from?

A

Asia into the Indian Ocean

80
Q

Vocab:
Local military rulers

A

Warlords

80
Q

Civilization in India began in the

A

Indus River Valley

81
Q

Vocab:
System of ideas

A

Philosophy

81
Q

What are the three ways that India is divided?

A
  1. A northern plain with rivers
  2. Deccan plateau
  3. Coastal plains
81
Q

Vocab:
The rise and fall of Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Heaven

A

Dynastic cycle

81
Q

Vocab:
A group of families with a common ancestor

A

Clan

81
Q

What was one effect of the Silk Road on China?

A

The Silk Road promoted the exchange of goods and ideas throughout China.

81
Q

How did Shi Huangdi impose allegiance to a central government?

A

by replacing feudal states with military districts run by loyal officials

82
Q

Vocab:
Loosely organized government system in which local lords governed their lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord

A

Feudalism

83
Q

Reaching union with god Braham through reincarnated lifetimes

A

Moksha

84
Q

Vocab:
In Shang China, animal bone or turtle shells were used by priests to predict the future

A

Oracle bone

84
Q

Warrior caste

A

Kshatriya

85
Q

Peasant founder of the Han Dynasty and his imperial name (1st Han emperor)

A

Liu Bang / Han Gaozu

86
Q

Vocab:
China’s most famous philosopher

A

Confucius

86
Q

Vocab:
Medical treatment that started in China

A

Acupuncture

87
Q

Inventions during the Han Dynasty

A

loom, wheelbarrow, paper, iron smellting

88
Q

Dynasty which produced the oldest example of Chinese writing

A

Shang

89
Q

Things the founder of the Qin Dynasty did to organize China

A
  1. Systematic alphabet
  2. Coinage
  3. Same-sized roads/canals
90
Q

Founder of Daoism/Taoism

A

Loazi

91
Q

Golden age of India

A

Gupta Empire

92
Q

Hindu term for religious and moral duties

A

Dharma

93
Q

Siddhartha Gautama, aka…

A

the Buddha

94
Q

3 god division of Brahman

A

Vishnu, Shiva, and Brahma

95
Q

A universal divine spirit in Indian religions

A

Braham

96
Q

Conqueror of northern India and founder of the Mauryan Dynasty

A

Chandragupta

97
Q

powerful Han emperor who expanded China and opened Silk Roads

A

Wudi

98
Q

India enjoyed a golden age under this dynasty.

A

Gupta Dynasty

99
Q

Harmony results if people accept their place in society

A

Confucius

100
Q

A social/religious class system that evolved out of the 4 varna

A

Caste system

101
Q

The divine right to rule maintained by caring for China

A

Mandate of Heaven

102
Q

Powerful Tang Empress

A

Wu Zhao

103
Q

Peasant who defeated Qin armies and began the Han Dynasty

A

Liu Bang

104
Q

Mauryan emperor and convert to Buddhism who ruled by example

A

Ashoka

105
Q

Founder of Daoism/Taoism

A

Laozi

106
Q

First Tang Emperor

A

Li Yuan or Emperor Gaozu

107
Q

Talk about the Huang Cho Rebellion. How did it start? How did it end?

A

A severe drought and famine struck northern and central China, and mobs of starving people rebelled against Tang rule and began to gain strength. It ended when a man named Zhu Wen took power for himself without the right to do so.

World History (10th) (11 decks)

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