Unit 5 Test Flashcards
Define fishery
a population of fish used for commercial fishing
Explain how global fishing represents a tragedy of the commons
Global fishing from the bodies of fwater throughout earth is an open and shared resource throughout the world. However, fisher and fisheries that try to maximize their catch for the sake of their profit threaten fish population numbers that everyone relies on.
Define bycatch
unintended species that got caught in nets
Describe bottom trawling
When a large net is dragged across the ocean floor to catch fish, but ends up getting bycatch and destroying vegetation.
Describe how overfishing can disrupt marine food webs
When humans overfish a predatory population, they deplete their population numbers. Then, they move to the next highest predatory species on the web which means the original predatory population is losing the resources to regenerate.
CAFO
a concentrated animal feeding operation; to raise animals faster
it’s cheaper to run, but harmful for animals
Describe how a manure lagoon can contaminate surface or groundwater
a manure lagoon leaches ammonia, antibiotics, and fecal coliform bacteria
Explain how overgrazing can lead to desertification
the vegetation all goes away and erodes the top soil. also, the soil becomes compacted and it’s not longer able to hold water.
Identify FOUR env. consequences of surface mining
topsoil erosion, habitat loss, increased steam turbulence, more particulate matter
Describe one benefit and one drawback of mechanization in agriculture
People who didn’t normaly have access to food did now with the transportation and GMO’s. One drawback would be the reliance of fossil fuels to transport the crops.
Describe one benefit and one drawback of GMO use in agriculture
Using GMO’s is helpful in protecting crops and allowing them to resist unfavorable conditions. One drawback would be that it keeps crops all genetically similar and reduces diversity. Thus, when disease attacks, they would all die out. Also, when they’re all harvested at the same time, soil erodes
Describe one benefit and one drawback of synthetic fertilizer use in agriculture
Synthetic fertilizer can leach into nearby waterways and cause algae blooms in the water, killing residing organisms. One benefit would be that it helps plant growth immediately.
Describe one benefit and one drawback of irrigation use in agriculture
it allows area with little water to be able to grow water-dependent crops. however, certain types of irrigation can be inefficient and lose a lot of water. also, using too much groundwater can deplete the resources.
Describe one benefit and one drawback of pesticide use in agriculture
using pesticides protects plants from pests. however, pesticides can eash into bodies of water and kill the residing organisms.
Describe TWO environmental impacts of monocropping
monocropping leads to soil erosion as crops are harvested at the same time, removing topsoil and root structure. also, monocropping decreases diversity which in turn increases susceptability to disease.
