Unit 1 Flashcards
Symbiosis
Any close and long-term interaction between two organisms of different species
Mutualism
a relationship that benefits both organisms
Commensalism
a relationship that benefits one organism and doesn’t impact the other
Parasitism
one organism using a host organism for energy
Resource Partitioning
when different species use the same resource in different ways to reduce competition
Spatial Partitioning
using the same resources at different times
Spatial Partitioning
using the same resources in different areas
Morphological Partitioning
using different resources based on different evolved body features
Biome
an area that shares a combination of average yearly temperature and climate
tropical biomes
tropical rainforest, tropical seasonal forest/savannas, subtropical desert
temperate biomes
temperate grassland/cold desert, temperate seasonal forest, temperate rainforest
Cold Biomes
boreal forest, tundra
Human Drinking Sources
wetlands, ponds, rivers
Marine biomes
division of aquatic biome, an oceanic ecosystem
Estuary
where rivers flow into oceans
- salt marshes
- mangrove swamps
Freshwater Wetlands
areas with soil submerged in water for at least part of the year
Wetland plants
adapt their roots to be submerged in water
Intertidal zones
areas of coastline between high and low tides
Intertidal Zone organisms
live through strong waves and sunlight/heat
Carbon Source
a process that adds carbon to the atmosphere
Carbon Sink
carbon reservoir that stores more carbon than it releases
Short-term carbon reservoir
vegetation
Long-term carbon reservoir
rocks
Photosynthesis
takes in carbon to plants/trees and emits oxygen
Cellular Respiration
takes in oxygen and releases carbon
Fossil Fuel Combustion
emits carbon as gas after mixing with oxygen and is added into the atmosphere
How long does nitrogen stay in reservoirs?
Nitrogen stays in reservoirs for shorter periods of time than carbon
Nitrogen Fixation
process of N2 gas being converted to NH3 (ammonia) or NO3 (nitrates)
How do organisms take in nitrogen?
Plants take in NO3 (nitrate) or NH3 (ammonia) from roots in soil; animals take in nitrogen by eating plants
Largest Nitrogen Reservoir
Atmosphere!
Anthropogenic ways nitrogen cycle is altered:
Synthetic Fertilizer - nitrates in fertilizer can leach out of the soil and to nearby waterways that lead to bodies of water, which causes algae blooms that block sun
Phosphorus Sources
weathering & mining
Phosphorus sinks
rocks and sediments
Major Phosphorus Reservoir
sediment!
Weathering
rain & wind breaking down rocks, and he phosphate inside dissolves in the nearby waterways which carry it to nearby soil + bodies of water
Why is the phosphorus cycle much slower?
The phosphorus cycle runs a lot slower than other cycles because there is not atmospheric
