Unit 5 Lesson 2 Social Change

Question 1

what were some reason Prohibition failied?

Answer 1

• One reason that Prohibition failed was that many Americans found ways to get around the law.
• Some people manufactured their own alcohol in homemade stills.
• Others smuggled in liquor from Canada and the Caribbean. Because these smugglers sometimes hid bottles of liquor in their boots, they became known as bootleggers.

Question 2

What were speakeasies?

Answer 2

Illegal bars, called speakeasies, opened in nearly every city and town. In some ways, speakeasies made drinking liquor more popular than ever.

Question 3

How did the government react to the disobidence against prohibition? Who were “g-men”

Answer 3

To enforce the ban, the government sent out federal Prohibition agents. These “g-men” traveled across the United States, shutting down speakeasies, breaking up illegal stills, and stopping smugglers.

Question 4

What was organized crime?

Answer 4

criminal activity organized as a business

Question 5

How did ptohibition give a huge boost to organized crime?

Answer 5

Every speakeasy needed a steady supply of liquor. Professional criminals, or gangsters, took over the job of meeting this need. As bootleggers earned big profits, crime became a big business. Gangsters divided up cities and forced speakeasy owners in their “territories” to buy liquor from them. Sometimes, gangsters used some of their profits to bribe police officers, public officials, and judges.

Question 6

What did critics say about the prohibition?

Answer 6

• Gradually, more Americans began to think that Prohibition was a mistake.
• The ban reduced drinking but never stopped it.
• Even worse, argued critics, Prohibition was undermining respect for the law. Every day, millions of Americans were buying liquor in speakeasies.
• By the mid-1920s, almost half of all federal arrests were for Prohibition-related crimes.

Question 7

What happened to the prohibition law in 1933?

Answer 7

By the end of the decade, many Americans were calling for the repeal, or ending, of Prohibition. In 1933, the states ratified the Twenty-first Amendment, which repealed the Eighteenth Amendment. The noble experiment was over.

Question 8

What was the 18th amendment?

Answer 8

it repealed the prohibbition act

Question 9

What did the 19th amendment do?

Answer 9

it gave women the right to vote

Question 10

Did Women vote as a gorup?

Answer 10

Women did not vote as a group, like men, some women voted for Republicans, and some for Democrats, and many did not vote at all.

Question 11

Who was Carrie Chapman Catt and what did set up?

Answer 11

In 1920, Carrie Chapman Catt, head of the National Woman Suffrage Association, set up the League of Women Voters.

Question 12

What did the League of Women Voters do?

Answer 12

The organization worked to educate voters, as it does today. It also worked to guarantee other rights, such as the right of women to serve on juries.

Question 13

Women achivements

Answer 13

• Women served as delegates in the 1924 Republican and Democratic conventions.
• That year, the first two women governors were elected—Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming and Miriam A. Ferguson of Texas.

Question 14

Who was Ana Roque de Dupery?

Answer 14

Women in Puerto Rico asked if they now had the right to vote. They were told that they did not. Led by Ana Roqué de Duprey, an educator and writer, Puerto Rican women crusaded for the vote. In 1929, their crusade finally succeeded.

Question 15

Who was Alice Paul and what did she belive in?

Answer 15

she was a leading suffragist, pointed out that women still lacked many legal rights. For example, many professional schools still barred women, and many states gave husbands legal control over their wives’ earnings

Question 16

What was the Equal Rights Amdendment?

Answer 16

Paul called for a new constitutional amendment in 1923. Paul’s proposed Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) stated that “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.”

Question 17

How did people react to the equal rights amdendment?

Answer 17

• Many people feared that the ERA went too far.
• Some argued that women would lose legal safeguards, such as laws that protected them in factories.

Question 18

What happened to the equal rights amendement?

Answer 18

Paul worked hard for the ERA until her death in 1977. The amendment passed in Congress but was never ratified by the states.

Question 19

How did the boom of cars happen?

Answer 19

Lower prices sparked the auto boom. By 1924, the cost of a Model T had dropped from $850 to $290. As a result, an American did not have to be rich to buy a car. Car prices fell because factories became more efficient. As you have read, Henry Ford introduced the assembly line in his automobile factory in 1913. Before the assembly line, it took 14 hours to put together a Model T. In Ford’s new factory, workers could assemble a Model T in 93 minutes.

Question 20

How did the boom in the car idustry affect jobs?

Answer 20

Car sales spurred growth in other parts of the economy.
* By 1929, some four million Americans owed their jobs to the automobile, directly or indirectly.
* Tens of thousands of people worked in steel mills, producing metal used in cars. Others made tires, paint, and glass for cars.
* Some drilled for oil in the Southwest or worked in the oil refineries where crude petroleum was converted into usable gasoline.

Question 21

How did the boom in the car industry affect roads?

Answer 21

The car boom had other effects. States and cities paved more roads and built new highways. In 1925, the Bronx River Parkway in New York was the first of many highways in parklike settings. Gas stations, car dealers, motels, and roadside restaurants sprang up across the country to serve the millions who traveled by car.

In 1920, there were only about 1,500 filling stations in the entire United States. By 1929, there were more than 120,000. Mechanic shops, or places to repair automobiles, also became a necessity.