UNIT 5. LANGUAGE and COMMUNICATION Flashcards
What do the following items represent?
– For communication
– For transmission of knowledge
– For conveying information and facts
– For ceremonial purposes
– To influence people ( orders, commands)
– To self-express
– To express emotions and feelings
– To form thoughts
Reasons why we need language
What does the following description refer to?
Human Speech
The meaning of language
What does the following description refer to?
A system of vocal sounds and combinations of such sounds to which meaning is attributed, is used for the expression or communication of thoughts and feelings.
The meaning of language
What does the following description refer to?
Any means of expressing or communicating, as gestures, signs ( traffic symbology ), or nonverbal communication ( body language).
The meaning of language
What does the following description refer to?
special set of symbols, letters, numerals, rules, grammar sets, etc, used for the transmission of information.
The meaning of language
What does the following description refer to?
All the vocal sounds, words, and ways of combining them common to a particular nation, tribe, or other speech community
the meaning of language
What does the following description refer to?
The particular form or manner of selecting and combining words characteristic of a person, group, or profession.
The meaning of language
What does the following description refer to?
Form or style of expression in words.
Special set of symbols, letters, numerals, rules, grammar sets, etc, used for the transmission of information.
The meaning of language
What does the following description refer to?
is a set of very specific universal principles which are intrinsic properties of the human mind and part of our specie`s genetic endowment
The meaning of language
What does the following description refer to?
is a mental phenomenon. It is the knowledge about sounds, meaning, and grammar. It is best described in terms of grammar, a system of rules.
Meaning of Language
For a communication system to be called language it must contain _________ and __________?
LEXICON and GRAMMAR
What does the following description refer to?
It is a system of elements ( words) and rules of phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics and the study of those elements and rules.
Grammar
What does the following description refer to?
is a “mental dictionary”, the vocabulary that we have stored in our brain. Without these two components, it is impossible to use any language
Lexicon
What does the following description refer to?
refers to someone`s ability, condition, or quality of being competent, it is to know or do something well.
Competence
What does the following description refer to?
is the system of linguistic knowledge possessed by all native speakers of a concrete language. It is a principle for correct sentence formation and the creation of grammatical sentences.
Language Competence
What do the following items refer to?
Provide a means of association each sentence of a language with its correct pronunciation and meaning.
Describes sentences with no mistakes at all.
Register and correct mistakes.
The functions of Grammar
What do the following items refer to?
Phonetics, Phonology, Lexicon, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics
Components of Linguistic Competence
What does the following description refer to?
The physical production and perception of sounds used in producing language.
Phonetics
What does the following description refer to?
the mental organization of physical sounds and the patterns formed by the way sounds are combined in a language.
Phonology
What does the following description refer to?
the identification, analysis, and description of units of meaning in a language.
Morphology
What does the following description refer to?
the structure and formation of sentences.
Syntax
What does the following description refer to?
Understanding the meaning of sentences
Semantics
What does the following description refer to?
wordstock of a language, its vocabulary, including its words and expressions.
Lexicon
What does the following description refer to?
is a theory in linguistics that suggests that there are properties that all possible natural human languages have. According to this theory, some rules of grammar are already in the human brain and manifest themselves without the need of being learned or taught.
Universal Grammar
What does the following description refer to?
is described within the discipline of Sociolinguistics. As you already know, sociolinguistics deals with the study of language use in society and in sociocultural contexts.
Communicative Competence
What do the following items refer to?
possibility, feasibility, appropriateness, and attestedness.
Components of communicative competence
What does the following description refer to?
It refers to the formal aspect of a language- whether utterances are grammatically correct or not.
Possibility
What does the following description refer to?
It refers to the process in the mind. Helps processing language instances and it is an important component of language competence, as it makes information easily accessible.
Feasibility
What does the following description refer to?
It is about whether (and to what degree) something is appropriate, (adequate, happy, successful) in relation to a context in which it is used and evaluated.
Appropriatness
What does the following description refer to?
It refers to the actual occurrence of something.
Some constructions may be possible, feasible, appropriate, but they do not occur- they are not ______.
Attestednes
What do the following items refer to?
– deals with the language structure, e.g. grammar, syntax, morphology, phonology, etc. It is about how to use the grammar, syntax, and vocabulary of a language.
Asks: What words do I use? How do I put them into phrases and sentences?
Is what you actually know about a language.
Linguistics Competence
What do the following items refer to?
– is the knowledge of communication. It is how you actually use the language.
– For effective communication, speakers need to know the norms of interaction and interpretation , and use correctly the four elements: possibility, feasibility, appropriatness, attestedness.
Communicative competence
What does the following description refer to?
Meaning is more important than the structure and form.
Dialogues if used around communicative functions, are not to be memorized.
Language item should be presented in a context. They should not be taught in isolation.
The influence of communicative competence
What does the following description refer to?
Language learning does not imply learning structures, sounds and words but learning to communicate.
Effective communication is emphasized.
Reading and writing need not weigh for one’s mastery over speech. They may start from the very first day.
The influence of communicative competence
What does the following description refer to?
Instead of linguistic competence, communicative competence is the desired goal.
Linguistic variation is accepted as a central condition in method and materials.
The sequence of units is determined not by the principle of linguistic complexity but by the consideration of content, function, and meaning, which maintain interest
The influence of communicative competence
What does the following description refer to?
the human brain contains an innate mental grammar that helps humans acquire language.
Forms the basis of competence in the particular language the child is going to speak.
Universal Grammar
What does the following description refer to?
It uses computerized techniques for searching large databanks, it has made available much more information about probability.
Corpus linguistics
What does the following description refer to?
Aimed to develop learners’ capacity to use language effectively.
Communicative approach
