Unit 5

Question 1

A motivating operation that decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event.

Answer 1

Abolishing operation

Question 2

A procedure in which antecedents are manipulated to influence the target behavior.

Answer 2

Antecedent control procedure

Question 3

A behavior change strategy that manipulates contingency-independent antecedent stimuli.

Answer 3

Antecedent intervention

Question 4

A metaphor to describe a rate of responding and its resistance to change following an alteration in reinforcement conditions.

Answer 4

Behavioral momentum

Question 5

Any contingency of reinforcement (or punishment) designed and implemented by a behavior analyst or practitioner to achieve the acquisition, maintenance, and/or generalization of a targeted behavior change.

Answer 5

Contrived contingency

Question 6

The state of an organism with respect to how much time has elapsed since it has consumed or contacted a particular type of reinforcer.

Answer 6

Deprivation

Question 7

A procedure in which a specific desirable behavior is followed by a reinforcer but other behaviors are not. The result is an increase in the desirable behavior and extinction of the other behaviors.

Answer 7

Differential reinforcement

Question 8

A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that serves as a desirable alternative to the behavior targeted for reduction and is withheld following instances of the problem behavior.

Answer 8

Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior

Question 9

A type of DRA procedure in which a communication response is reinforced to replace the problem behavior.

Answer 9

Differential reinforcement of communication

Question 10

A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that is topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem behavior.

Answer 10

Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior

Question 11

A stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced and in the absence of which the same type of responses have occurred and not been reinforced.

Answer 11

Discriminative stimulus

Question 12

An experimental technique that demonstrates the effects of reinforcement. Differential reinforcement of an incompatible or alternative behavior are used as a control condition, instead of a no-reinforcement condition.

Answer 12

DRI or DRA reversal technique

Question 13

A motivating operation that increases the effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as a reinforcer.

Answer 13

Establishing operation

Question 14

An increase in the current frequency of behavior that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is increased in reinforcing effectiveness by the same motivating operation.

Answer 14

Evocative effect

Question 15

An antecedent intervention in which an appropriate communicative behavior is taught as a replacement behavior for problem behavior usually evoked by an establishing operation.

Answer 15

Functional communication training

Question 16

A type of intervention that decreases problem behaviors without the use of punishment by modifying the antecedents and consequences that control the behaviors.

Answer 16

Functional intervention

Question 17

A response that results in the same reinforcing outcome as an alternative response. The response serves the same function as the alternative response.

Answer 17

Functionally equivalent

Question 18

An antecedent intervention in which two to five easy tasks with a known history of learner compliance (the high-p requests) are presented in quick succession immediately before requesting the target task, the low-p request.

Answer 18

High-probability request sequence

Question 19

An environmental variable that (a) alters (increases or decreases) the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event; and (b) alters (increases or decreases) the current frequency of all behavior that has been reinforced or punished by that stimulus, object, or event.

Answer 19

Motivating operation

Question 20

The reinforcement contingency for the behavior of a particular person in the normal course of the person’s life.

Answer 20

Natural contingency of reinforcement

Question 21

A stimulus that will increase the future probability of a behavior when the stimulus is delivered contingent on the occurrence of the behavior.

Answer 21

Positive reinforcer

Question 22

A decrease in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.

Answer 22

Reinforcer-abolishing effect

Question 23

An increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.

Answer 23

Reinforcer-establishing effects

Question 24

Progressive (and ultimately total) loss of effectiveness of a reinforcer.

Answer 24

Satiation

Question 25

A stimulus in the presence of which a given behavior has not produced reinforcement in the past.

Answer 25

Stimulus delta

Question 26

An alteration in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event as a result of a motivating operation.

Answer 26

Value-altering effect

Question 27

A schedule for the delivery of noncontingent stimuli in which the interval of time from one delivery to the next randomly varies around a given time.

Answer 27

Variable-time schedule