Unit 5 Flashcards
A motivating operation that decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event.
Abolishing operation
A procedure in which antecedents are manipulated to influence the target behavior.
Antecedent control procedure
A behavior change strategy that manipulates contingency-independent antecedent stimuli.
Antecedent intervention
A metaphor to describe a rate of responding and its resistance to change following an alteration in reinforcement conditions.
Behavioral momentum
Any contingency of reinforcement (or punishment) designed and implemented by a behavior analyst or practitioner to achieve the acquisition, maintenance, and/or generalization of a targeted behavior change.
Contrived contingency
The state of an organism with respect to how much time has elapsed since it has consumed or contacted a particular type of reinforcer.
Deprivation
A procedure in which a specific desirable behavior is followed by a reinforcer but other behaviors are not. The result is an increase in the desirable behavior and extinction of the other behaviors.
Differential reinforcement
A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that serves as a desirable alternative to the behavior targeted for reduction and is withheld following instances of the problem behavior.
Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior
A type of DRA procedure in which a communication response is reinforced to replace the problem behavior.
Differential reinforcement of communication
A procedure for decreasing problem behavior in which reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that is topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem behavior.
Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior
A stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced and in the absence of which the same type of responses have occurred and not been reinforced.
Discriminative stimulus
An experimental technique that demonstrates the effects of reinforcement. Differential reinforcement of an incompatible or alternative behavior are used as a control condition, instead of a no-reinforcement condition.
DRI or DRA reversal technique
A motivating operation that increases the effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as a reinforcer.
Establishing operation
An increase in the current frequency of behavior that has been reinforced by the stimulus that is increased in reinforcing effectiveness by the same motivating operation.
Evocative effect
An antecedent intervention in which an appropriate communicative behavior is taught as a replacement behavior for problem behavior usually evoked by an establishing operation.
Functional communication training
A type of intervention that decreases problem behaviors without the use of punishment by modifying the antecedents and consequences that control the behaviors.
Functional intervention
A response that results in the same reinforcing outcome as an alternative response. The response serves the same function as the alternative response.
Functionally equivalent
An antecedent intervention in which two to five easy tasks with a known history of learner compliance (the high-p requests) are presented in quick succession immediately before requesting the target task, the low-p request.
High-probability request sequence
An environmental variable that (a) alters (increases or decreases) the reinforcing or punishing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event; and (b) alters (increases or decreases) the current frequency of all behavior that has been reinforced or punished by that stimulus, object, or event.
Motivating operation
The reinforcement contingency for the behavior of a particular person in the normal course of the person’s life.
Natural contingency of reinforcement
A stimulus that will increase the future probability of a behavior when the stimulus is delivered contingent on the occurrence of the behavior.
Positive reinforcer
A decrease in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.
Reinforcer-abolishing effect
An increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.
Reinforcer-establishing effects
Progressive (and ultimately total) loss of effectiveness of a reinforcer.
Satiation
A stimulus in the presence of which a given behavior has not produced reinforcement in the past.
Stimulus delta
An alteration in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event as a result of a motivating operation.
Value-altering effect
A schedule for the delivery of noncontingent stimuli in which the interval of time from one delivery to the next randomly varies around a given time.
Variable-time schedule
