Unit 5 - Exam 2 Flashcards
What is hemophilia
Insufficient levels of clotting factors
How does normal blood clotting work
Proteolytic enzymes initiate clot
Intrinsic - direct clotting of platelets and clotting factor 12
Extrinsic - tissue factor substance is released from damaged tissue
What drugs aee used to treat overactive clotting
Anticoagulants
Antiplatelets
Fibrinolytics
How do anticoagulants work
Control function and synthesis of clotting factors
Prevent clots in veins
How do antiplatelets work
inhibit abnormal platelet activity
Prevent formation of thrombus
How do fibrinolytics work
Destroy blood clots
Treat MI and ischemic stroke
MI - 12 hours door to needle
Stroke - 3 hours door to needle
Describe Heparin
Anticoagulant
Treats DVT
Used for rapid control
Inhibits synthesis of clotting factors
Describe Warfarin
Anticoagulant
DVT prevention
Oral administration
AKA: coumadin
Describe direct thrombin inhibitors
Anticoagulant
Inhibit clotting cascade
Stroke prevention
Describe Factor Xa inhibitors
Anticoagulant
used after hip fractures and surgeries
Subcutaneous administration
Treats DVT
What are some AE of anticoagulants
Hemorrhage - especially after falls Unusual bleeding LBP - indicated intra abdominal bleeding Joint pain - intra joint hemorrhage Thrombocytopenia Osteoporosis
Describe the use of aspirin
Antiplatelet
81mg
Treats acute MI, stroke and DVT prevention
Describe the use of ADP receptor blockers
antiplatelet
Suppress platelet aggregation
Used after coronary stent
What are some AE of antiplatelets
Increased risk of bleeding GI irritation Hypotension Allergic response Hemorrhagic stroke
What are some AE of fibrinolytics
Hemorrhage
Bleeding
