Unit 5 Flashcards
Compte Rendu
Don’t pay back Americans and cancel aristocratic pensions.
Causes of the crisis leading up to the French Revolution
Louis XV/XVI
Debt
Damon
American Revolution
Estates general reason for convening in 1789
To pass calonne’s taille
Charles Calonne’s financial reforms
Reduce gabelle
Transform correé
The taille
1st & 2nd estates attempts to limit 3rd estates voting
No proper votes
Uninformed
Grievances as apart if the cashiers de doleances
Taxing
Gov. Spending
Church corruption
Reg. meeting of estates general
National Assembly consisted of
3rd estate and liberal thinkers of the other estates
Tennis court oath
Oath to draft a constitution
Painted by Jacques David
Reason for riots in 1788-1789
Necker dismissal
Mobilization of royal troops in Paris
Storming of the Bastille
Started official revolution
In need of gun powder
Killed military officials
The great fear
A movement in which the peasants attended to take back food and land from the nobels.
Night of Aug. 4th
National Assembly renounced nobels/aristocrats feudal rights
Declaration of rights of man and citizen
A drafted constitution (excluded women)
Jean Paul Marat
“L’ami du peuple” - friend of the people.
Wrote a newspaper
Had a terrible skin ailment
October days
Feudalism abolished by the aristocracy
What kind of gov. did the National Assembly want
Constitutional monarchy
Constitution of 1791
A constitutional monarchy;
Lead power - legislative assembly
Only active citizens could vote
Declaration of the rights of woman
Demanded that woman be viewed as citizens and equality in marriage
Economic reforms
Metric system
Liberated trade and suppressed guilds
Civil constitution of clergy
Placed church under state control - made clergy take an oath (juring or refractory)
Émigrés
Self-exiles
Jacobins
Radical Republican Party that replaced the girandins
Sans-Culottes
Wore full trousers to separate themselves from the aristocracy
September Massacres
16k + killed in a matter of days
Declaration of pillnitz
Claims that if the royal family is hurt Russia and Austria will retaliate
National Convention
Declares France a republic
“Citizen Capet”
Countries at war with France in 1793
Britain, Spain, holland, Austria and Prussia
Edmund Burke’s view of the rev.
Against it and saw it to ruin France
Partitions of Poland
Based off of French fears
New constitution
Equality
Refoms
Levee en masse
Passed by the committee of public safety - mass draft
How the French rep. achieved a “republic of virtue”
Terror
Committee of public safety
To execute order and authority in the national convention
Reign of terror
Period of death, chaos and paranoia
Levee en masse
Law of 22 prairial
Eliminated the right of a trial
Robespierre’s religion
Cult of the supreme being
White terror
Purification of radicals by the bands of Jesus
Woman’s rights after the revolution
They lost many rights
Thermidorian Reaction
The last stage of the Terror. Realization of the radical nature of the revolution.
Early facts about Napoleon Bonaparte
Corsican, Jacobin and a military officer
Coup of 18 Brumaire
Cause inflation of pro-royalists in government houses.
Treaty of Campo Formio
France gains territory and Austria pulls out of the war
Battle of Abukir
Attack on British trade routes in Egypt. Horatio Nelson stops Napoleon.
Napoleon’s attempt to suppress opposition
Treaties Amiens and Luneville, executes the Duke, joins the League of Honor and makes peace with the church.
The Concordat of 1801
Agreement with Pope Pias II that the clergy would be under state control
Napoleonic Code
Standardization of law everywhere
Napoleon the Emperor of France
Corenates himself and hires Jacques David to paint the scene.
The Battle of Trafalgar
Fought on the seas, France and Spain combined their fleets but still lost to England. Lord Nelson dies in battle.
Who was the Prime Minister of Britain during the French Revolution
William Pitt
Coup of 18 Brumaire
Cause inflation of pro-royalists in government houses.
Treaty of Campo Formio
France gains territory and Austria pulls out of the war
Battle of Abukir
Attack on British trade routes in Egypt. Horatio Nelson stops Napoleon.
Napoleon’s attempt to suppress opposition
Treaties Amiens and Luneville, executes the Duke, joins the League of Honor and makes peace with the church.
The Concordat of 1801
Agreement with Pope Pias II that the clergy would be under state control
Napoleonic Code
Standardization of law everywhere
Napoleon the Emperor of France
Corenates himself and hires Jacques David to paint the scene.
The Battle of Trafalgar
Fought on the seas, France and Spain combined their fleets but still lost to England. Lord Nelson dies in battle.
Who was the Prime Minister of Britain during the French Revolution
William Pitt
Peace of Amiens
Truce between Britain and France
Napoleons victories in Central Europe
Prussia, Austria and Russia are all defeated.
The Confederation of the Rhine
Francis II gives the HRE to Napoleon and now only rules Austria. This is the end of the HRE forever
Treaty of Tilsit
Prussia- open ally of France
Russia - Secret ally
Continental System
1806-1810 Napoleon boycotts trade with England which has no effect on England at all but forces Russia to leave the alliance.
100 Day March
March - June 1815 in which Napoleon returns to France and is viewed as a savior to the people.
Napoleons Wifes
Josephine and Marie-Louise
Battle of Nations
Produces the Treaty off Fontainebleau and exiles Napoleon to Elba
Napoleon’s relatives rule
He puts his family members in positions of power except his brother.
Peninsular Campaign
Occupation of Spain and ends in war
Prussian Response to the Empire
Germanic nationalism erupts. Prussia abolishes serfdom, becomes a democratic monarchy and builds a huge military.
Russian Campaign
Known as the time of “scorched Earth” when the Grande Armee invades Russia. The battle of Borodino ensues and the Russian’s set fire to Moscow.
Congress of vienna
Russia, Prussia, Austria and Britain form an alliance known as the Congress of Vienna and reinstate the constitutional monarchy of the Bourbons to France.
Battle of Waterloo
European Coalition vs. Napoleon, in which he loses and is exiled to St. Helena forever.
Romantic movement
Sturm and Drang was a reaction to the Enlightenment, that rejected all enlightened ideals.
Art/Literature of Romantics
Middle age like
Rousseau’s Literature on the Romantic Movement
Emile
Immanual Kant’s literature on the Romantic Movement
“Critique of Pure Reason,” “The Categorical Imperative” and “Critique of Practical Reason”
Coleridge’s Romantic literature
“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”
Wordsworth’s Romantic literature
“Lyrical Ballards” and “Ode on Intimations of Immorality”
Lord Byron’s Romantic literature
“Childe Harolds Pilgrimage”
Tieck’s Romantic literature
“William Lovell”
Schlegel’s Romantic literature
“Lucinde”
Goethe’s Romantic literature
“Sorrows of Young Werther and Faust”
Constable’s Romantic art
“Sailsbury Catcudroni from the Meadows”
William Turner’s Romantic art
“Rain, Steam and Speed” of the Great W. Railway
Caspar David Friedrich’s Romantic art
“The Polar Sea”
Romantic Architecture
The British Houses of Parliment (1836-1837) Neuschwanstein Castle (1869-1889)
Methodism
John Wesley was the leader of this movement that opposed Rationalism and Deism.
“The Genius of Christianity”
Sometimes referred to as “The Bible of Romanticism” by Vinscount Francois Rene deChateaubriand.
Johann Herder’s contribution to Romanticism
“On the Knowing and Feeling of the Human Soul” Revived folk culture and rejected mechanical explanations of nature.
Hegel
Philosopher who classified History into three groups; thesis, anti-thesis and synthesis.
