Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CardioPulm > Unit 4 wk 15 > Flashcards

Unit 4 wk 15 Flashcards

1
Q

Radiology

A

branch of medicine that uses the application of radioactive substances to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the biochemical effect x-rays have on human tissues?

A

losing electrons/ionization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what type of image is a true negative

A

fluroscopic image because the background is white

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Radiodensity

A

how much radiation is being absorbed from the xray beam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the 5 shades of grey

A

air - black
fat - greyblack
water-grey
bone- white

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the ABCS search pattern for radiograph

A

alignment
bone density
cartilage spaces
soft tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CT

A

high resolution thin slices of axial anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

radiograph vs CT

A

radiograps have a fixed xray tube and one beam going through pt

CT: xray tube moves around patient and receptors measure remanent radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

WHat is a TAP (thorx-abdomen-pelvis) scan?

A

eval of high risk trama pts for life threatening injuries in one quick exam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

advantages of CT

A

fast image acquisition
soft tissue and osseous structure
view large portion of body
BEST IN EMERGENCIES (intracranial bleeds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

disadvantage of CT

A

most radiation exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T1 vs T2 weighted sequence (for MRI)

A

T1 defines anatomy

T2 detects fluid (H2O)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

signal intensities in MRI – HIGH vs LOW

A

High = brighter image

Low = darker image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

benefits of US

A

non invasive
no known ill effects
real-time- information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

scanning planes of radiographs vs CT/MR

A

radiographs: AP, Lat, oblique

CT/MR: coronal, sagittal, axial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

optimal use for each– CT, mri, US

A

US: cartilage, peds, soft tissue

MRI

CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

BMI SCALE

A

normal : 18.5-24.9
overweight 25-29
OBESITY CLASS 1: 30-34
OBESITY CLASS 2: 35-39

18
Q

Tx for obesity major components

A
  1. assist w lifestyle modifications (PA and diet)
  2. nutritional programming
  3. exercise programming
19
Q

to change weight by 1 pound, caloric intake must be decreased or increased by ______ calories

20
Q

PA for modest and greatest weight loss

A

> 150 min for moderate
225-400 for greatest weight loss

21
Q

exercise, diet, or a combo gives the most weight loss over two years?

A

exercise alone lost the most followed by exercise with diet

22
Q

Exercise guidelines for weightloss

A

5-7d/wk
250-300min moderate intensity exercise

23
Q

surgical options are only appropriate for those with BMI of ________

A

> 40 or >35 with comorbidities

24
Q

increased adipose puts the patient in a chronic __________state

A

proinflammatory

25
what diseases is chronic inflammation linked to
CVD ARTHRITIS CANCER
26
Central abdominal obesity. M vs W
M: apple android W: pead gynoid
27
T or F: obesity cluster --> metabolic syndrome --> type II DM
true just know this, idk what to tell you... metabolic syndrome is the precursor to DM
28
wait circumference values for metabolic syndrome
Men >40 W >35
29
triglyceride levels for metabolic syndrome
>150
30
HDL values for Metabolic syndrome
<40 M <50 W
31
Type 1 diabetes
lack of insulin secretion = glucose accumulation from liver autoimmune destruction of beta cells in pancreas ketone bodies form and accumulate = DANGER
32
Type 2 diabetes
slow onset of insulin resistence then insulin deficiency with progressive decline in beta cell function associated w obesity
33
whats more dangerous? hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia? and what are their values
HYPOGLYCEMIA = blood glucose <70 = more dangerous hyperglycemia = bg >300
34
cardiopulm complications of diabetes
htn, cva, node dysfunction, chf, pad thickening of alveolar endothelial and capillary basal laminae endothelial dysfunction
35
kidney function
regulate serum osmolality , acid base balance
36
cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease
- increase risk of CV events - HTN - Accelerated atherosclerosis - HF - abnormal LV structure
37
pulmonary complications of chronic kidney disease
- PULMONARY EDEMA - fibrinous pleuritis and pulm calcification - decrease in arterial PaO2
38
what type of exercise for patients with chronic kidney disease and failure?
resistance training combined with aerobic exercise
39
Clinical implications/things to look for for physical therapy for pts with CKD and CKF
-poor exercise tolerance from inactivity -view lab values prior to each tx - use RPE!
40
infiltrative diseases effect the heart and lungs - what are 3 common ones
amylodosis sarcodosis hematochromatosis
41
cardiopulm toxicity of cancer treatment can cause what
pericarditis restrictive disease bowel disease

CardioPulm (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions