CVP examination and assessment procedures

Question 1

examination vs evaluation

Answer 1

exam: pt history, systems review, tests and measures

eval: eval of data to make clinical judgement

Question 2

Diagnosis vs prognosis

Answer 2

diagnosis: classifies a pt within a specific practice pattern and indicates the PRIMARY DYSFUNCTIONS

prognosis: determining the predicted level of optimal function

Question 3

Abgs - arterial blood gases

Answer 3

measurement of acid - base and oxygenation status

Question 4

cardiac catheterization data

Answer 4

provides info about anatomy of coronary arteries
provide dynamic assessment of cardiac muscle

Question 5

electrocardiogram and serial monitoring

Answer 5

provide info on heart muscle and rhythm
- indirect information on stressors to the body

Question 6

Spirometry - pulm function test

Answer 6

abnormal pfts indicate the effects of pathological conditions and may procide clues regarding pt motivation

Question 7

whats included in systems review

Answer 7

• communication
• cardiovascular
• msk system
• neuromuscular system
• integ

Question 8

Semi-Fowlers postion

Answer 8

head propped/ elevated 45 degrees

Question 9

tripod position

Answer 9

for accessory muscles to help with breathing

Question 10

Jugular vein distension indicates what

Answer 10

R side heart failure

• measurement >4__ is JVD

Question 11

breathing rate

Answer 11

12-20 BPM

Question 12

Inspiratory to expiratory ratio

Answer 12

2:1

Question 13

Inspiratory to expiratory ratio w/ COPD

Answer 13

1:3 or 1:4

Question 14

Eupnea

Answer 14

normal rate depth and rhythm

Question 15

Orthopnea

Answer 15

difficulty breathing in supine

Question 16

Phonation

Answer 16

??
evaluation of speech is an assessment of shortness of breath
- 1 word dispnea

Question 17

foamy or frothy cough production

Answer 17

blood tinged pulmonary edema

Question 18

thick, green cough production

Answer 18

bronchiectasis (chronic infection)

Question 19

purulent,foul smelling of sudden onset

Answer 19

lung abscess

Question 20

Sputum clear

Answer 20

healthy lungs but a lot may be lung disease, allergy, or viral infection

Question 21

sputum dark yellow or green

Answer 21

viral infection or bacterial like pneumonia or cf

Question 22

brown sputum

Answer 22

ppl who smoke and have black lung disease (exposure to coal dust

Question 23

pink sputum

Answer 23

pulmonary edema (fluid in lungs) or CHF

Question 24

red sputum

Answer 24

sign of internal injury, lung cancer, pulmonary embolism (blood clot)

SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION

Question 25

Digital clubbing

Answer 25

chronic tissue hypoxia

Question 26

diamond window

Answer 26

normal circulation 160 degrees

Question 27

LUB - S1

Answer 27

closure of mitral and tricuspid valves

Question 28

DUB - S2

Answer 28

closure of aortic and pulmonary valves

Question 29

Abnormal sound S3

Answer 29

key sign of heart failure (ventricular gallop)

Question 29

Abnormal sound S4

Answer 29

atrial contraction best heard with bell of stethoscope

Question 30

Purpose of auscultation

Answer 30

confirmation of findings and reassessment tool - breathe through open mouth

Question 31

wheezing crackles pleural rub

Answer 31

wheezing - continuous, constant pitch, varying duration crackles - discontinuous, brief bursts of popping bubbles = rales Pleural rub - sandpaper subbing together

Question 32

E gophony

Answer 32

auscultate each pt while pt says E - w/ secretions sounds like A

Question 45

Bronchophony

Answer 45

while pt says 99 - normal is muffled, secretion is loud and clear

Question 46

Whisper pectoriloquy

Answer 46

while whispering alphabet - normal is muffled, secretions is loud and clear

Question 47

mediate percussion

Answer 47

evaluate abnormal findings - changes in lung density and diaphragmatic excursion