Unit 4(Topics 4-8)

Question 1

Pressure-

Answer 1

The force acting perpendicular to a surface area.

Question 2

Pressure=

Answer 2

Area

Question 3

Pascals Law-

Answer 3

Pressure exerted on a contained object is transmitted in all direction

Question 4

Hydraulic lift-

Answer 4

A mechanical system that raises heavy objects on a lift. Closed system.

Question 5

MA=

Answer 5

Effort force

Question 6

Hydraulic systems-

Answer 6

Uses the incompressibility of a liquid to transmit pressure.

Question 7

Hydraulic systems examples-

Answer 7

• Jaws of life
• farm equipment
• earth movers”diggers”
• Cardio Vascular system

Question 8

Pneumatic systems-

Answer 8

Uses the compressibility of gases to high pressure.

Question 9

Pneumatic systems examples-

Answer 9

• Jackhammer
• Dentists Drill
• Staple guns
• Respiratory system.

Question 10

Hovercraft-

Answer 10

Pumps draw in air and pump it out through holes in the bottom.

Question 11

Hydraulics in Flight-

Answer 11

Flaps, spoilers, and ailerons are controlled by hydraulics.

Question 12

Most modern machines are_______of dozens of hundreds of simple machines.

Answer 12

Combinations.

Question 13

A simple machine that is part of a larger machine is called a_________.

Answer 13

Subsystem.

Question 14

Subsystems in a car are…

Answer 14

Combinations of levers and hydraulics.

Question 15

A_____, or________, has three levers:______,______, and______.

Answer 15

Backhoe, excavator, book, dipper, bucket.

Question 16

A backhoe, or excavator, rotate on a gear-like point called a_______.

Answer 16

Slew ring.

Question 17

Steam engines were a major development in the_____th century.

Answer 17

19th

Question 18

The_____ _____in a steam ship opens and lets the cooled steam escape.

Answer 18

Exhaust valve.

Question 19

The exhaust valve switches to the other side and the process______and______, moving the piston back and forth.

Answer 19

Reverses, repeats.

Question 20

The_____of the piston is attached to_______which turn the______.

Answer 20

Rod, gears, paddle wheel.

Question 21

In modern ships, steam turns______instead of________.

Answer 21

Turbines, wheels

Question 22

Turbine-

Answer 22

A device used to convert the motion of a fluid into mechanical energy.

Question 23

A turbine consists of…

Answer 23

Fan blades attached to a central hub.

Question 24

Turbines are in…(2)

Answer 24

Jet engines and generating systems.

Question 25

Internal combustion engine-

Answer 25

A type of engine in which fuel is burned internally inside the engine.

Question 26

Steam engines require...(5)

Answer 26

Furnace, fuel, a boiler, engine and pistons.

Question 27

A_______converts the up/down or side/side motion of the piston into circular motion.

Answer 27

Crankshaft.

Question 28

Which two inventions transformed the world?

Answer 28

Steam engine | Making iron with coal instead of wood.

Question 29

Mass production-

Answer 29

The manufacturing of large quantities of a standardized item by a standardized mechanical process.

Question 30

Hydrogen fuel cell-

Answer 30

Uses oxygen and hydrogen to make electricity, it exhausts water.

Question 31

Measurement for acceleration-

Answer 31

M/s2

Question 32

Measurement for mass-

Answer 32

Kgs

Question 33

Measurement for work-

Answer 33

Joules

Question 34

Measurement for distance-

Answer 34

Meters

Question 35

Measurement for force-

Answer 35

Newtons

Question 36

Measurement for pressure-

Answer 36

Pascals(N/m2)

Question 37

Measurement for area-

Answer 37

M2

Question 38

Kilopascal=_______P

Answer 38

1000

Question 39

Valve-

Answer 39

Regulates flow of fluids in Hydraulic systems.

Question 40

Pump-

Answer 40

Used for raising or moving liquids.

Question 41

Subsystem-

Answer 41

A secondary or subordinate system that is part of a larger system.

Question 42

Piston-

Answer 42

A disc-shaped part that fits tightly inside a cylinder in which some force, such as steam pressure, moves it back and forth or up and down.

Question 43

Crankshaft-

Answer 43

A shaft that turns or is turned by a crank. A crankshaft turns the wheels of an automobile.

Question 44

A backhoe is a rotating combination of_________ _______.

Answer 44

Three levers.

Question 45

Who developed the first practical steam engine? When?

Answer 45

Thomas savory | 1699

Question 46

From______-_______, more than_______steamboats travelled along the rivers and coasts of________ ________and the______, carrying______ ______________ between the two regions.

Answer 46

``` 1836-1957 3000 BC Yukon Gold seekers ```

Question 47

MA Less than 1=________Advantage

Answer 47

Speed

Question 48

Give an example of all three of the classes of levers in the body.

Answer 48

1-head and neck 2-foot 3-forearm

Question 49

MA of a single moveable pulley.

Answer 49

2

Question 50

MA of a fixed pulley.

Answer 50

1

Question 51

2 types of potential energy are...

Answer 51

Chemical, Gravitational

Question 52

How does pascals law work in hydraulics?

Answer 52

Pressure transmits equally in all directions throughout the liquid perpendicular to the surface.

Question 53

What is the same at both pistons of a hydraulic machine?

Answer 53

The pressure.

Question 54

What are systems in the body that use hydraulics and pneumatics?

Answer 54

Hydraulics-Heart and circulatory system | Pneumatics-Respiratory system.