Unit 2-Cells

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

The smallest unit that can perform the functions of life.

Question 2

Nucleus-

Answer 2

In a cell, the organelle that controls all the cells activities.

Question 3

Cell wall-

Answer 3

A rigid structure surrounding the cell membrane of plants, fungi, and some unicellular organisms;supports and protects the cell.

Question 4

Cell membrane-

Answer 4

The selectively permeable structure enclosing the contents of the cell or organelle. Controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Question 5

Cytoplasm-

Answer 5

The gel-like substance within the cell membrane that contains and supports the structures of the cell.

Question 6

Vacuole-

Answer 6

In a cell, the fluid filled organelle that stores water, food, wastes, and other materials.

Question 7

Chloroplast-

Answer 7

An organelle that is only in green plants an some unicellular organisms; Allows photosynthesis to take place; Contains the pigment chlorophyll.

Question 8

Mitochondria-

Answer 8

Only in animal and plant cells; Makes energy for the cell. Cellular respiration takes place here.

Question 9

Chlorophyll-

Answer 9

Responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis.(Green Pigment)

Question 10

Unicellular-

Answer 10

A single cell.

Question 11

Multicellular-

Answer 11

Having many cells.

Question 12

Wet mount-

Answer 12

A type of sample preparation using a microscope slide, a coverslip, and water.

Question 13

Electron Microscope-

Answer 13

Can magnify objects up to 2000000x.

Question 14

Field of view-

Answer 14

The area seen through the eyepiece of a microscope or other optical instruments.

Question 15

Magnification-

Answer 15

The amount of enlargement produced by a microscope or similar magnifying instrument.

Question 16

Eyepiece-

Answer 16

The lens that works as a magnifying glass to enlarge the image.

Question 17

Tube-

Answer 17

Holds the eyepiece and the objective lens.

Question 18

Rotating Nose-Piece-

Answer 18

Rotating disk holding two or more objective lenses. Turns and clicks into place to change lens.

Question 19

Objective lens-

Answer 19

The three convex lenses in a microscope. Ex:40x, 10x, 40x, and 100x.

Question 20

Stage-

Answer 20

Supports the microscope slide.

Question 21

Diaphragm-

Answer 21

Controls the amount of light reaching the object.

Question 22

Condenser Lens-

Answer 22

Directs light to the object being viewed.

Question 23

Arm-

Answer 23

Connects the base and the tube. Used to carry the microscope.

Question 24

Fine-Adjustment-

Answer 24

Focuses the medium and high power magnification.

Question 25

Coarse-Adjustment-

Answer 25

Moves the tube or stage up or down to bring the object into focus. Only for low-power magnification.

Question 26

How to calculate total magnification-

Answer 26

Ocular lens x objective lens=total magnification.

Question 27

How do you calculate field of view?

Answer 27

Low Power fov x m of low power o.l divided by m of medium power o.l.

Question 28

The five characteristics of a living thing are...

Answer 28

- Grow - Need energy - Respond and adapt to the environment - Reproduce - Produce wastes

Question 29

What is cell theory?

Answer 29

- All things are composed of one or more cells. - Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms. - Living things come only from other living things.

Question 30

To stay alive, three functions of a cell are...

Answer 30

- Making Products. - Obtaining materials and supplies of energy. - Getting rid of waste.

Question 31

Animal cells are usually______and______than plant cells.

Answer 31

Round | Smaller

Question 32

Plant cells are usually______and have a______and_______that plant cells don't have.

Answer 32

Rectangular Chloroplast Cell wall

Question 33

Tissue-

Answer 33

A group of cells having the same function and structure.

Question 34

Muscle-

Answer 34

Move body parts.

Question 35

Nerve-

Answer 35

Carries signals from one part of the body to another.

Question 36

Connective-

Answer 36

Attach muscle to bone, holds shape.

Question 37

What is the levels of organization?

Answer 37

Organism-System-Organ-Tissue-Cell

Question 38

Systems are made out of_______.

Answer 38

Organs

Question 39

Root system-

Answer 39

Obtains water and minerals.

Question 40

Shoot system-

Answer 40

Makes food

Question 41

Abiotic-

Answer 41

Not living

Question 42

Biotic-

Answer 42

Not living.

Question 43

Who saw tiny box structures and called them cellulae?

Answer 43

Robert hooke.

Question 44

Permeable membrane-

Answer 44

Allows all materials to pass through.

Question 45

Selectively permeable membrane-

Answer 45

Allows specific materials to pass through.

Question 46

Diffusion-

Answer 46

The movement of particles in liquids and gases from an area of higher concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 47

Osmosis-

Answer 47

The diffusion of a solvent, usually water, through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 48

Root hairs-

Answer 48

An extension of a single epidermal cell.

Question 49

Xylem tissue-

Answer 49

Transports water from the roots throughout the plant.

Question 50

Phloem tissue-

Answer 50

Transports sugar to other parts of the plant.

Question 51

Vascular tissue-

Answer 51

Transports water and nutrients throughout the plant.

Question 52

Stomata-

Answer 52

Tiny openings on the bottom of the leaves that allow air to enter.

Question 53

Schleiden and schwann-

Answer 53

They made the hypothesis that organisms are all made of cells.

Question 54

Cell specialization-

Answer 54

Cells having different structures, appearances, and functions.

Question 55

The four different tissues in an animal are...

Answer 55

Muscle Nerve Epithelial Connective

Question 56

The three different tissues in plants are...

Answer 56

Xylem Phloem Epidermal

Question 57

Where do the respiratory and circulatory systems meet?

Answer 57

The tissues of the lungs.

Question 58

Alveoli-

Answer 58

Tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange.

Question 59

Where does the circulatory and digestive system connect?

Answer 59

The small intestine.

Question 60

Villi-

Answer 60

Tiny fingerlike projections that are surrounded by blood vessels and are responsible for absorption.

Question 61

What are the three types of blood vessels?

Answer 61

Artery, Vein, Capillary.

Question 62

What is the key organ of your excretory system?

Answer 62

Your two kidneys.