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8b science > Unit 4(topics 1-3) > Flashcards

Unit 4(topics 1-3) Flashcards

1
Q

Joule-

A

Unit for work

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2
Q

Sprocket-

A

A gear with teeth that fit into the links of a chain.

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3
Q

Lever-

A

A machine consisting of a bar that is free to rotate around a fixed point.

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4
Q

Fulcrum-

A

The point of a lever that does not move.

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5
Q

Winch-

A

A machine consisting of a small cylinder, a crank or handle, and a cable: for lifting and pulling.

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6
Q

Driver hear-

A

A main gear that causes other gears to move.

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7
Q

Kinetic energy-

A

The energy if motion.

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8
Q

Work-

A

The transfer of energy through motion.

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9
Q

Pulley-

A

A wheel with a grooved rim to guide a rope or chain that runs along the groove.

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10
Q

Gear-

A

A rotating wheel-like device with teeth around its rim.

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11
Q

Efficiency-

A

Useful work by system: Actual work supplied to system.

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12
Q

Hockey stick-

A

Class 3

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13
Q

Block and tackle-

A

A combination of fixed and moveable pulleys.

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14
Q

Class 1 lever-

A

Lfe-fulcrum is in the middle.

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15
Q

Class 2 lever-

A

Fle-load is in the middle.

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16
Q

Class 3 lever-

A

Fel:effort is in the middle.

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17
Q

Conversion-

A

Turning electrical power into Thermal energy-1 ex. Energy conversion.

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18
Q

Driven gear-

A

Movement caused by a driving gear.

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19
Q

Effort arm-

A

The distance between the fulcrum and the effort force.

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20
Q

Fixed pulley-

A

A pulley supported by attachment to something that does not move.

21
Q

Gear train-

A

A group of two or more gears that are meshed together.

22
Q

Inclined plane-

A

A ramp or slope for reducing the force needed to lift something.

23
Q

Input work-

A

Work done on a machine.

24
Q

Load-

A

The weight of an object that is moved or lifted by a machine.

25
Q

Load arm-

A

The distance from the load to the fulcum.

26
Q

Mechanical advantage-

A

The load:the effort force.

27
Q

Moveable pulley-

A

A pulley attached to something moveable.

28
Q

Newton-

A

Unit for force.

29
Q

Output work-

A

The work a machine does on a load.

30
Q

Potential energy-

A

Stored energy.

31
Q

Radius-

A

The distance in a straight line from the center of a circle to the circles circumference.

32
Q

Speed-

A

The rate of motion.

33
Q

Speed ratio-

A

The relationship between the speed of rotations of a smaller gear and a larger gear.

34
Q

Transmission-

A

Energy transferred from one place to another, and no energy is changed or converted.

35
Q

Wheel and axle-

A

Two turning objects attached together at the centers. 1 object causes the other to turn.

36
Q

MA=

A

MA=LF
—
EF

37
Q

Speed ratio=

A 
  #of driven teeth.
38
Q

Work=

A

W=F•D

39
Q

Force=

A

F=w
—
D

40
Q

Efficiency=

A

Work done on lever by effort force

X100

41
Q

3 situations where it would be more practical to use a wheel and axle rather than a lever.

A

Steer a car, open a door/door knob, adjust volume on radio.

42
Q

How is a winch like a lever?

A

The handle is the effort arm, and the axle handle turns is the load arm.

43
Q

How can a simple machine make work easier?

A

Reducing force, change direction of effort, reduce distance.

44
Q

What do you have to do in return for a mechanical advantage that is greater than 1?

A

Effort force must act over a larger distance for a longer amount of time.

45
Q

Example of class 1-

A

Teeter totter, scissors

46
Q

Example of class 2-

A

Nutcracker, wheelbarrow.

47
Q

Example of class 3-

A

Baseball bat, arms, legs.

48
Q

Compound pulley-

A

Combination of fixed and moveable pulleys.

8b science (11 decks)

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