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8B science > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Unicellular:

A

A single cell

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2
Q

Multicellular:

A

Many cells

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3
Q

Muscle:

A

Moves body parts.

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4
Q

Nerve:

A

Carries signals from one part of the body to another.

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5
Q

Epithelial:

A

Protects the body.

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6
Q

Connective:

A

Attach’s muscle to bone, holds shape.

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7
Q

Systems are made out of__________.

A

Organs

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8
Q

Plants have________systems than animals.

A

Fewer

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9
Q

The root system is_______ground.

A

Below

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10
Q

The shoot system is________ground.

A

Above

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11
Q

Root system:

A

Obtains water and minerals.

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12
Q

Shoot system:

A

Makes food

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13
Q

Reproductive system:

A

Makes pollen and ovules.

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14
Q

The five characteristics of a living thing are…(5)

A 
Grow
Reproduce
Energy
Environment
Wastes
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15
Q

Abiotic:

A

Non-humans

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16
Q

Biotic:

A

Living

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17
Q

Who was Anton Van Leeuwenhoek?

A

Made the first microscope.

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18
Q

Who was Robert Hooke?

A

He saw tiny box structures, called them cellulae.

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19
Q

Scientists consider the______the smallest unit of life.

A

Cell.

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20
Q

The green colour in plant cells comes from the pigment___________.

A

Chlorophyll

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21
Q

To view a specimen 1 000 000x you should use a/n____________________.

A

Electron Microscope.

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22
Q

Cell:

A

The smallest unit that can perform the functions of life.

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23
Q

Nucleus:

A

Controls all the cells activities.

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24
Q

Cell Wall:

A

Protects and supports the cell.(surrounds Cell Membrane of plants, fungi, and some unicellular organisms.)

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25
Q

Cell Membrane:

A

Controls what enters and leaves the cell.

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26
Q

Cytoplasm:

A

The gel-like substance that contains and supports the structures of the cell.(Within the cell membrane.)

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27
Q

Vacuole:

A

Storage for water, food, wastes and other materials.

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28
Q

Chloroplast:

A

Allows photosynthesis to take place, contains chlorophyll.

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29
Q

Mitochondria:

A

Produces energy for the cell.

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30
Q

Chlorophyll:

A

The green pigment in plants.

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31
Q

Wet Mount:

A

A slide, slip, and water.

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32
Q

Electron microscope:

A

Use it to view a specimen at 1 000 000x.

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33
Q

Field of View:

A

The area seen through the eyepiece of a optical instrument.

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34
Q

Magnification:

A

Enlargement produced by a magnifying instrument.

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35
Q

Eyepiece/Ocular Lens:

A

The part you look through that works as a magnifying glass.

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36
Q

Tube:

A

Holds the eyepiece and the objective lens.

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37
Q

Rotating Nose-Piece:

A

Holds two or more objective lens that click into place if turned.

38
Q

Objective lens:

A

Magnifies the object:4x, 40x, 100x.

39
Q

Stage:

A

Supports the slide.

40
Q

Diaphragm:

A

Controls light.

41
Q

Condenser Lens:

A

Directs light.

42
Q

Light Source:

A

The light

43
Q

Arm:

A

Connects the base and the tube.

44
Q

Fine Adjustment Knob:

A

Focuses medium and high.

45
Q

Coarse Adjustment Knob:

A

Moves tube up or down.

46
Q

How do you calculate total magnification?

A

Ocular lens x objective lens

47
Q

What are the three functions a cell must carry out to stay alive?

A
  • Obtaining materials and supply of energy.
  • Making products
  • Getting rid of waste
48
Q

Permeable Membrane:

A

Allows all materials to pass through.

49
Q

Selectively Permeable:

A

Allows specific materials to pass through.

50
Q

All matter is made up of__________.

A

Particles

51
Q

Diffusion:

A

The movement of particles from a area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

52
Q

Osmosis:

A

The diffusion of a solvent/ Water.

53
Q

Phloem goes______.

A

Down

54
Q

Xylem goes________.

A

Up

55
Q

Root Hairs:

A

An extension of a single epidermal cell.

56
Q

Transpiration:

A

The loss of water from a plant through evaporation.

57
Q

Specialized cells:

A

Cells being different.

58
Q

Muscle tissue:

A

Moves parts of the body.

59
Q

Epithelial Tissue:

A

Protects the outside of the body and also covers the internal structures, such as the intestines.

60
Q

Connective Tissue:

A

Connects and supports different parts of the body.

61
Q

Nerve Tissue:

A

Carries signals between the brain and other body parts to co-ordinate activities.

62
Q

Epidermal Tissue:

A

Protects the outside of the plant.

63
Q

Your epidermal is your________.

A

Skin

64
Q

Xylem Tissue:

A

Transports water throughout the plant.

65
Q

Phloem Tissue:

A

Transports sugar throughout the plant.

66
Q

Concentration:

A

The number of particles in a certain volume of fluid.

67
Q

Vascular Tissue:

A

Transports water and nutrients throughout the plant.

68
Q

Stomata:

A

Tiny opening on the bottom of leaves that allows air to enter.

69
Q

List the FOUR different tissues in animals.(4)

A

Nerve
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle

70
Q

List the THREE different tissues in plants.(3)

A

Phloem
Epidermal
Xylem

71
Q

What are the TWO different systems in plants.

A

Root system

Shoot system

72
Q

What are the THREE different systems in humans.(3)

A

Digestive
Respiratory
Circulatory

73
Q

Where does the circulatory and the digestive system connect?

A

At the tissues of the lungs.

74
Q

Villi:

A

Absorbs nutrients.

75
Q

Where does the circulatory and digestive system connect?

A

The small intestine.

76
Q

What are the THREE types of blood vessels?(3)

A

Vein
Artery
Capillary

77
Q

What is the key organ of the excretory system?

A

The TWO kidneys.

78
Q

What are the three key organs/tissues of the nervous system?

A

The brain
Spinal cord
Nerves

79
Q

What does the endocrine system do?

A

Hormones produced by glands.

80
Q

What are the FOUR main components of blood and their approximate percentages in volume?

A

Plasma(55%)
Red Blood Cells(44%)
White Blood Cells(LT1%)
Platelet(LT1%)

81
Q

What is the “Silent Killer”?

A

High Blood Pressure

82
Q

What is a sphygmomanometer?

A

Measures blood pressure.

83
Q

What FIVE things can a doctor tell from taking a patients blood pressure?

A

Blood volume
Heart rate
Artery size
Blood viscosity

84
Q

What FOUR day to day activities greatly affect the circulatory system?

A

Smoking
Lack of exercise
High blood pressure
High level of cholesterol in blood

85
Q

What are the THREE main types of nutrients in food?(3)

A

Starch
Proteins
Fat

86
Q

What are the roles of the three nutrients?(3)

A

Starch-Main source of energy.
Fat-Provides energy and cushions the vital organs from shock.
Proteins-Allows growth, repairs body tissue.

87
Q

What is the main disorder of the respiratory system?

A

Bronchitis

88
Q

What can bronchitis lead to?

A

Emphysema

89
Q

What is the main disorder of the digestive system?

A

Peptic ulcers

90
Q

Alveoli:

A

Gas exchange.

91
Q

Tissue:

A

A group of cells having the same structure and function.

8B science (11 decks)

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