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Psychology 12 > Unit 4 Sleep > Flashcards

Unit 4 Sleep Flashcards

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1
Q

consciousness

A

level of awareness an individual had of their thoughts, feelings, perceptions and exsistence

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2
Q

psychological construct

A

two types NWC and ASC

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3
Q

consciousness continuum

A

visual perception of the different states of consciousness from least to most aware

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4
Q

normal waking consciousness

A

individual is aware and awake

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5
Q

altered state of consciousness

A

differs from NWC in terms of quality or awareness level

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6
Q

hypnogram

A

graph that represents the period of each stage of sleep and the transitions between each

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7
Q

sleep

A

naturally occurring altered state of consciousness that involves loss of awareness and disengagement with stimulus

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8
Q

sleep episode

A

full duration of sleep

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9
Q

sleep cycle

A

90min period in which REM and NREm stages progressed before repeating

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10
Q

NREM progression

A

decreases as night progresses

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11
Q

REM vs NREM

A

paralysis
fast moving eyes
more physiological features
presence of dreams
20%
helps mind

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12
Q

NREM features

A

passive movement
slow moving eyes
less physiological features
no dreams
makes up 80% of sleep
helps body

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13
Q

Gamma waves

A

responsible for cognition, learning, memory and decision making
too many causes anxiety and stress
too few causes depression and learning disruptions

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14
Q

Physiological indicators

A

heart rate
body temperature
eye movements
muscle movements
brain waves

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15
Q

Electroencephalograph (EEG)

A

electrical brain activity

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16
Q

Electromyograph (EMG)

A

electrical activity of muscles

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17
Q

Electrooculography (EOG)

A

electrical activity of muscles surrounding the eyes

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18
Q

4 waves from small to big

A

beta, alpha, theta and delta

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19
Q

Sleep Diary

A

records self reported descriptions about sleep periods, quantity and types

20
Q

Video monitoring

A

use of a camera and audio technology to record an individual as they sleep for analysis

21
Q

Biological rhythms

A

repeated biological processes that are regulated internally
(two types - circadian and ultradian)

22
Q

Circadian rhythms

A

biological and behavioural changes that occur repeatedly over a 24 hour cycle

23
Q

Ultradian rhythms

A

biological and behavioural changes that occur repeatedly over less than 24 hours

24
Q

Sleepwake cycle

A

type of circadian rhythm in which we spend asleep or awake over 24 hour periods

25
Q

Melatonin

A

hormone that is secreted during low levels of light that makes us feel sleepy and helps regulate circadian sleep wake cycle
released when SCN detects low light levels which signals pineal gland to release melatonin

26
Q

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

A

structure in hypothalamus that regulates sleep wake cycle

27
Q

Pineal Gland

A

gland in brain responsible for the production and release of melatonin

28
Q

Sleep Length vs Age

A

decreases with age

29
Q

REM and NREM vs Age

A

REM - remains relatively stable after childhood but gradually decreases in older adults
NREM - diminishes significantly with aging, contributing to the perception of poorer sleep quality in older adults

30
Q

Sleep Debts

A

debt of sleep, when sleep deprivation adds up leading to body and brain functioning deteriorating

31
Q

Sleep Deprivation

A

inadequate quantity or quality of sleep in terms of needs
effects most adolescence and 1/5 of adults
can be partial or full

32
Q

Partial Sleep Deprivation

A

individual has got some sleep but not enough to meet needs (either quantity or quality)

33
Q

Full Sleep Deprivation

A

individual has gone more than 24 hours without sleep

34
Q

Sleep Deprivation Physiological Effects

A

fatigue, trembling hand, drooping eyelids, inability to focus eyes, slurred speech, lack of energy, increased pain sensitivity, headaches

35
Q

Sleep Deprivation Psychological Effects

A

AFFECTIVE - mood changes, depression, irritability, heightened anxiety, lack of motivation

BEHAVIOURAL - slower reaction time, clumsiness, risk taking behaviours

COGNITIVE - lack of concentration, impaired decision making, illogical/irrational thoughts, trouble with simple repetitive tasks

36
Q

Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (DSPS)

A

sleep-wake cycle are later or delayed to usual
often in adolesence

37
Q

Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder (ASPD)

A

sleep-wake cycle are earlier or advanced to usual
often in elderly

38
Q

Shift Work

A

Occupation that has individuals working unusual shifts often night shifts

39
Q

Treatment

A

bright light therapy - stimulates wakefulness and helps reset sleep-wake cycle

40
Q

Seasonal Affectiveness Disorder

A

type of depression that occurs due to change of season (often winter)

41
Q

Zeitgebers

A

external time cues from environment that can act as circadian rhythms

42
Q

Daylight

A

the natural light of the sun

43
Q

Bluelight

A

A type of visible light emitted by the sun, screens and LEDs

44
Q

Sleep Hygiene

A

healthy habits that promote good sleep

45
Q

Temperature

A

proper temperature when sleeping (17-19 C)

Psychology 12 (11 decks)

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