Unit 4 - Osteoporosis

Question 1

osteoporosis

Answer 1

a condition in which bones become weak and brittle

The body constantly absorbs and replaces bone tissue
With osteoporosis, new bone creation does not keep up with old bone removal.

Question 2

2 categories of osteoporosis

Answer 2

Primary

Secondary

Question 3

primary

Answer 3

most common form of the disease

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (Type I) 
Senile osteoporosis (Type II)
Note the “Dowager’s Hump

Question 4

secondary (3)

Answer 4

Renal Disease
Cushing’s Disease
Malabsorption

Question 5

non modifiable risk factors

Answer 5

Advanced Age
Female Gender following Menopause
Male Gender decreased Testosterone
Ethnicity (Oriental and Caucasian)
Small statue
Heredity

Question 6

potentially modifiable risk factors

Answer 6

Excessive Alcohol Consumption
Vitamin D Deficiency
Tobacco Use
Malnutrition (low protein intake)
Inactivity
Heavy Metals (Lead)
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Corticosteroids

Question 7

pathogenesis

Answer 7

Imbalance in Bone Remodeling
Bone Formation (Osteoblasts)
Bone Resorption (Osteoclasts)
Failure to Achieve Max Peak                                       Bone Mass

Question 8

symptoms

Answer 8

No symptoms until the individual has a bone fracture

Question 9

evaluation

Answer 9

Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scanner

- bone density scan, low dose x ray that checks an area of body for signs of mineral loss and bone thinning

Question 10

osteopenia vs osteoporosis

Answer 10

bone density has begun to dwindle but is not considered dangerous yet

bone density levels become critical and fractures are likely