Unit 4- Motivation, Emotion, Stress and Health Flashcards
Instinct theory
genetic tendencies as the source of our motivations
Drive Reduction theory
physiological need creates a drive that motivates us to satisfy the need (we need water so the motivated state that tells we are thirsty so we drink water)
Incentive theory
positive or negative external stimulus that motivates our behavior
Arousal theory
when homeostasis is satisfied, we look for other ways to experience stimulation. when bored with homeostasis and we want stimuli
Yerkes Dodson law
performance increases with arousal up to a point, after that, performance decreases. We want moderate arousal for the best performance.
Affiliation need
the need to build relationships and to feel a part of a group
ostracism
deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups
narcissism
excessive self-love and self absorption
achievement motivation
desire for significant accomplishment for mastery skills
grit
passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long term goals
role of glucose
major source of energy for our body
insulin
hormone secreted by the pancreas that contains our blood glucose
orexin
hormone that triggers hunger
ghrelin
hormone that increases hunger (says “I’m hungry.”)
leptin
hormone that decreases appetite
PPY
digestive hormone that tells the brain I’m not hungry
lateral hypothalamus
this part of the hypothalamus that says we are hungry
ventromedial hypothalamus
this area of the hypothalamus that tells us we are full
James-Lange theory of emotion
physiological response comes first and triggers emotion
(see stimuli - body reacts - emotion)
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
two reactions - emotion and reaction happen separately and simultaneously
Schachter two factor
see stimulus and body reacts - then give conscious label then there’s emotion
Spillover effect
(ties to two factor) arousal can spill over into a new event
when really sad you can become mad –emotion spillover into a new emotion
Zajonc and Ledoux
sometimes we react because they stimulus goes straight to the amygdala then we react; don’t have time to think
jump at loud noise, wince at pain
facial feedback effect
facial muscle states to trigger corresponding emotions
when happy we smile and smiling makes us happier
behavior feedback effect
tendency of behavior to influence our own and others thoughts, feelings, and actions
Walking with head high and long strides will put you in a better mood
stress
process by which we perceive and respond to certain events (stressors) that we see as threatening or challenging
approach-approach
decision we face with two things we like
wearing sweatpants or leggings
aviodance-avoidance
conflict between two items that are undesirable
washing the dishes or doing laundry
approach-avoidance
conflict in which we feel attracted and repelled at the same time
when choosing Ithaca, I wanted to go because of the great exercise program, but was upset that it was d3
GAS
body’s response to stress in 3 phases:
phase 1 -alarm reaction: heart rate up, blood to skeletal muscles, faintness of shock
phase 2 -resistance: temp, blood pressure, and breathing are high. adrenal glands release epinephrine and norephrine. ready to meet the challenge
phase 3 - exhaustion: become more vulnerable to illness or in extreme cases, collapse and death
tend and befriend response
under stress people often provide support to others and bond with and seek support from others (support groups, covid, etc)
type A v. type B
type A people: more competitive, harding driving, impatient, verbally aggressive and anger prone
type B people: easy going and relaxed
optimistic v. pessimistic explanatory style
optimists: believe they have control and cope better with stressful events. have a more positive outlook
pessimists: expect things to go badly snf believe there was nothing they can do about a situation that went poorly
feel good, do good phenom
our tendency to be helpful when in a good mood
set point
the point where your “weight thermostat” is set. body tries to maintain current body weight (no matter what)
Lazarus theory of emotion
cognition is part of every emotional experience even without conscious awareness (memories, expectations, etc define how we feel about a situation)
