Unit 4 Media Response

Question 1

Define anxiety disorders.

Answer 1

Dysfunctional feelings of extreme apprehension, fear, stress and uneasiness.

Question 2

What are the five main types of anxiety disorder.

Answer 2

• Generalised anxiety disorder.
• Phobic disorder.
• Panic disorder.
• OCD.
• Post-traumatic stress disorder.

Question 3

Define phobic disorder.

Answer 3

A fear of something that interferes with a person’s ability to function in day-to-day life.

Question 4

In what percentage of the population do anxiety disorders occur?

Answer 4

18%

Question 5

When are women more vulnerable to anxiety disorders?

Answer 5

Between 45-54 years old.

Question 6

Define phobia.

Answer 6

Defines as a persistent, irrational and intense fear of a particular object or event.

Question 7

What is social phobia?

Answer 7

Can involve a fear of other people or social situations.

Question 8

What is specific phobia?

Answer 8

Fear of a single object or event that triggers a panic response.

Question 9

What is agoraphobia?

Answer 9

Fear of leaving a familiar place such as home.

Question 10

What are the three contributing biological factors to the maintenance and development of a phobia?

Answer 10

• Stress response.
• GABA (Gamma-amino butyric acid).
• Genetic factors.

Question 11

What is the role of the stress response?

Answer 11

Activates the fight-or-flight response; releasing stress hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline into the blood stream to:

• Increase heart rate.
• Increase respiration rate.
• Circulate more glucose through the body for more energy.
• Improve focus.
• Temporarily boost stamina to either fight the impending danger or flee to a safe place.

Question 12

List the symptoms of the stress response.

Answer 12

• Elevated heart rate
• Elevated blood pressure
• Tremors
• Palpitations (abnormally fats heartbeat that the person is aware of)
• Diarrhea
• Sweating
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness
• Skin sensation of prickling, burning or itching

Question 13

Where are the amygdala and hippocampus located?

Answer 13

Left and right medial temporal lobes.

Question 14

What does the amygdala do?

Answer 14

Is vital in initiating and processing emotional responses and in forming emotional memories.
- Is part of the Limbic system.

Question 15

What does the hippocampus do?

Answer 15

Involved in the formation of declarative memories such as information about the world, facts, knowledge and autobiographical memories.

Question 16

Outline what occurs when a person experiences a frightening event.

Answer 16

• Frightening event.
• All sense are processed by the amygdala.
• Emotion is linked to the memory.
• Memory is consolidated by the hippocampus.

Question 17

What is the amygdala responsible for?

Answer 17

The formation and storage of classically conditioned event.

Therefore, if a person is exposed to a similar stimulus to the anxiety-inducing stimulus, the amygdala ‘triggers’ the emotion of fear which leads to the fight-or-flight response.

Question 18

What does GABA stand for?

Answer 18

Gamma-amino butyric acid.

Question 19

What is GABA and what is its role?

Answer 19

It is a neurotransmitter which has an inhibitory role in the regulation of anxiety, arousal and sleep.

Question 20

Low levels of GABA = High levels of anxiety

Answer 20

t(-.-t)

Question 21

GABA-producing Synapes are present in approximately 49% of all nerve junctions in the brain.

Answer 21

._.