Unit 4 Exam AP Gov

Question 1

individualism

Answer 1

limited government. A political system in which there are restrictions placed on the government to protect individual rights and liberties.

Question 2

equality

Answer 2

the same opportunity for everyone, regardless of gender, race, or social status

Question 3

liberty

Answer 3

the freedom to practice one’s religious or political beliefs

Question 4

free enterprise

Answer 4

an economic system where market forces determine prices, supply, and demand of goods and services without interference from the government

Question 5

rule of law

Answer 5

citizens and political leaders are bound by the law, but government officials arbitrarily manipulate the law to advance their own interests.

Question 6

limited government

Answer 6

A government that is subject to strict limits on its lawful uses of power, and hence on its ability to deprive people of their liberty

Question 7

tracking polls

Answer 7

continuous surveys that enable a campaign or news organization to chart a candidates daily rise or fall in support

Question 8

exit polls

Answer 8

polls conducted as voters leave selected polling places on election day

Question 9

benchmark polls

Answer 9

generally the first poll taken in a campaign. It is often taken before a candidate announces their bid for office, but sometimes it happens immediately following that announcement after they have had some opportunity to raise funds. This is generally a short and simple survey of likely voters.

Question 10

opinion polls

Answer 10

a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample

Question 11

keynesian economics

Answer 11

government should increase spending during recessions to stimulate demand and boost economic growth.

Question 12

supply side economics

Answer 12

increases in the supply of goods lead to economic growth

Question 13

agents of political socialization

Answer 13

friends, family, media, education

Question 14

school vouchers

Answer 14

Money government provides to parents to pay their children’s tuition in a public or private school of their choice

Question 15

fiscal policies

Answer 15

using government spending and taxation to influence the economy

Question 16

monetary policies

Answer 16

the use of the money supply and interest rates by the central bank (such as the Federal Reserve in the United States) to influence the economy

Question 17

example of fiscal policy

Answer 17

spending more or cutting taxes to stimulate an ailing economy or slashing spending or raising taxes to rein in inflation or reduce external vulnerabilities.

Question 18

example of monetary policy

Answer 18

a central bank increases the discount rate, the cost of borrowing for the banks increases

Question 19

libertarian views

Answer 19

seek to maximize autonomy and political freedom, emphasizing equality before the law and civil rights to freedom of association, freedom of speech, freedom of thought and freedom of choice.

Question 20

conservative views

Answer 20

a strong national defense, gun rights, capital punishment, and a defense of Western culture from perceived threats posed by communism and moral relativism.

Question 21

progressive views

Answer 21

favor public policy that they theorise will reduce or lessen the harmful effects of economic inequality as well as systemic discrimination such as institutional racism; to advocate for social safety nets and workers’ rights;

Question 22

socialist views

Answer 22

common or public ownership of resources and means of production leads to a more equal society.