Unit 4 Chapter 13 Flashcards
What are the 4 types of cancer?
Carcinomas
Sarcomas
Leukemias
Lymphomas
Examples of carcinomas
cancers of breast, epithelial tissues, nerves, skin,
Examples of sarcomas
cancers of blood vessels, bone, muscles, connective tissues and ** f**at
Examples of leukemias
cancers of organs and tissues that form blood cells
Examples of lymphomas
blood cancer that originates in the lymphatic system
what are the 5 factors that causes cancer
unhealthy lifestyle
ionizing radiation
infectious microorganisms
chemical carcinogens
xenoestrogens
Examples of ionizing radiation
X-Rays, UV light, and radioactivity-
What are infections microorganisms
viruses that are associated with specific human cancers
what are the 4 types of viruses associated with what cancers
Hepatitis B & C → liver cancer
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)→genital & cervical cancer
Human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus→
leukemia and lymphoma
Epstein-Barr Virus (found in mono) → cancer of the nose or pharynx
what are chemical carcinogens & give examples.
: environmental chemicals that interact with cells that start cancer: tobacco, pesticides, asbestos, heavy metals, benzene, and nirtosamines
what is Mesothelioma
a rare form of lung cancer that only occurs among persons exposed to asbestos fibers.
What are xenoestrogens?
chemicals in the environment that mimic estrogen and aid the development of cancer, specifically breast cancer
examples fo xenoestrogens
DDT, Pesticides, Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Bisphenol-A (BPA), & Gasoline vapor
difference between malignant and benign tumors
Malignant: abnormal cells with mutations that multiply rapidly with incorrect function & invade other tissue
Benign- tumors that do not spread to other parts of the body
what are tumors
build up dead skin cells
what are the 3 most common infectious diseases
cold lyme and flu
what are the 3 treatment options of cancers?
Surgery
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy (usage of toxic chemicals)
How many stages of cancer are there?
4
Stage 1 of cancer
Cancer cells can be distinguished from normal cells.
Stage 2 of Cancer
Cancer cells begin to metastasize and may migrate to nearby lymph nodes.
Stage 3 of Cancer
Cancer cells have spread throughout the body and tumors may have started to grow in other organs.
Stage 4 of Cancer
Often a terminal stage; tumors are found throughout the body and usually are resistant to treatment.
What are the 6 common cancers?
lung cancer
breast cancer
testicular cancer
prostate cancer
skin cancer
colon cancer
what happens when you have lung cancer?
Can cause coughing up blood, chronic coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, & chest pain
symptoms of testicular cancer
Low back pain, shortness or breath, chest pain or coughing
what occurs in the body from prostate cancer
Urinary problems, erectile dysfunction, bone pain, etc.
what occurs in the body from skin cancer
Small moles & affects integumentary system= abrasion, water loss, and outside invaders
what occurs in the body from colon cancer?
Bleeding, bowel issues, abdominal pain, etc.
How does cancer develop in the body?
Metastasis: cells detach from original tumor, enter lymphatic system & bloodstream, and are carried to other organs
