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Psych 290 > unit 4 > Flashcards

unit 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

motivation

A

goal-directed behaviour

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2
Q

homeostasis

A

state of physiological equilibrium or stability

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3
Q

drive/drive theories

A

internal state of tension that motivates an organism to engage in activities that would reduce that tension

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4
Q

incentive/incentive theories

A

external goal that motivates behaviour

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5
Q

evolutionary theories

A

human motives are products or evolution, natural selection, adaptive properties

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6
Q

affiliation motive

A

need to belong

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7
Q

glucose

A

a simple sugar that is an important source of energy. increase=satiated

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8
Q

glucostatic theory

A

fluctuations in blood glucose level is monitored in the brain, influence hunger experience.

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9
Q

judith rodin

A

“the fatter people are, the fatter they will become”

smell of food can increase insulin, increase hunger

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10
Q

obesity

A

condition of being overweight, BMI over 30. overweight is 25-29.9.

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11
Q

BMI

A

weight divided by height

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12
Q

set point theory

A

the body monitors fat cells to keep them stable

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13
Q

settling point theory

A

weight drifts around the level where intake and output have equilibrium

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14
Q

4 stages of sexual response

A

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

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15
Q

vasocongestion

A

enlarging of the blood vessels

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16
Q

orgasm

A

sexual arousal reaches peak intensity, discharges in muscular contractions through the pelvic area

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17
Q

refractory period

A

time after orgasm, males are unresponsive to further stimulation

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18
Q

David Buss

A

gender differences in mating preferences, women have more importance on status and money and resources

19
Q

sexual orientation

A

person’s preferences for emotional and sexual releationships

20
Q

heterosexual

A

opposite sex

21
Q

Bisexual

A

both sexes

22
Q

homosexual

A

same sex

23
Q

achievement motive

A

need to master difficult challenges, outperform, meet high standards or excellence

24
Q

emotion (3 parts involved)

A
  1. cognitive (subjective experience)
  2. physiological (ANS, bodily/visceral arousal)
  3. behavioural (characteristic overt expression
25
Q

affective forecasting

A

predicting one’s emotional reactions to future events (people tend to incorrectly predict the intensity of the emotion)

26
Q

galvanic skin response (GSR)

A

increase of electrical conductivity when sweat glands increase activity

27
Q

polygraph/lie dectector

A

device that records autonomic fluctuations while a subject is questioned

28
Q

Joseph LeDoux

A

amygdala processes emotion independent of cognitive awareness, very quick!! life and death!!

29
Q

facial feedback hypothesis

A

our own facial expressions contribute to the emotions that we feel, these facial expressions are wired in the brain (blind and sighted have no difference)

30
Q

display rules

A

norms that regulate the appropriate way to express emotions in a certain culture

31
Q

James-Lange theory of emotion

A

emotions result from autonomic arousal.
stimulus, autonomic arousal, conscious feeling
“I feel afraid because I tremble”

32
Q

cannon-bard theory of emotion

A

emotion occurs when the thalamus simultaneously sends signals to the cortex (conscious) and the ANS )visceral arousal)
“the dog makes me tremble and feel afraid”

33
Q

Schachter’s 2 factor theory

A

depends on:
1. autonomic arousal
2. cognitive interpretation of that arousal
When you feel arousal you will search your environment for the explanation

34
Q

evolutionary theories of emotion

A

emotions evolved before thought, developed because of adaptive value, small amount of preprogrammed human emotions. blend of primary emotions and intensity

35
Q

subjective well-being

A

personal perceptions of overall happiness and life satisfaction

36
Q

hedonic adaptation

A

people adapt to their circumstances, baseline for happiness comparison changes to where they are. Helps protect mental and physical health

37
Q

argument

A

one or more premises to support a conclusion

38
Q

premises

A

reasons used to persuade someone

39
Q

assumptions

A

premises that have no proof or evidence

40
Q

irrelevant reasons

A

reasons that are not relevant, doesn’t follow

41
Q

circular reasoning

A

premise and conclusion are restatements of each other

42
Q

slippery slope

A

if X happens, it will all be out of control

43
Q

weak analogy

A

similarity (analogy) between A and B are superficial, weal, or irrelevant

44
Q

false dichotomy

A

presents only 2 possibilities where one is definitely better than the other but it is not representative of real life

Psych 290 (9 decks)

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