Unit 4 8B: Treatment of disease

Question 1

Immunotherapy

Answer 1

A treatment that uses activation or suppression of the immune system

Question 2

Monoclonal Antibody

(mAb)

Answer 2

Antibody made by cloning of unique parent immune cells, produced in large quantities in the laboratory as a drug targeting specific cells or substances

Question 3

Bispecific monoclonal antibody

Answer 3

A monoclonal antibody that has two different antigen binding sites

Question 4

Conjugated monoclonal antibody

Answer 4

An antibody that has been combined with a radioactive substance or chemotherapy agent (a cytotoxin)

Question 5

Myeloma Cell

Answer 5

An abnormal plasma cell used in the production of monoclonal antibodies

Question 6

Hybridoma

Answer 6

A cell that is a result of combining a B lymphocyte and a cancer cell

Question 7

Zoonosis

Answer 7

A disease which can be transferred from animals to humans

Question 8

Steps of immunotherapy

Answer 8

1. Cancer cell antigen is injected into mouse
2. Mouse undergoes an adaptive immune response
3. Plasma B cells are extracted and fused with a myeloma /tumor cell to form a hybridoma
4. Hybridoma divides rapidly (characteristic of tumour cell) and produces lots of specific antibodies
5. Specific antibodies are extracted and purified

Question 9

Side effects of mAbs

Answer 9

Allergic reaction, fever, rash

Question 10

Are conjugated mAbs and Bispecific mAbs activating or suppressing the immune system

Answer 10

Activating (stimulating by assisting immune response, and action of Tc cell)

Question 11

How can mAbs suppress immune system

Answer 11

mAbs which target autoimmune disease, which suppress the immune system