UNIT 4 6C: Non-cellular Pathogens

Question 1

Non-cellular pathogen

Answer 1

A disease-causing agent that lacks cellular structures and cannot replicate outside a host cell

Question 2

Virus

Answer 2

A non-cellular pathogen that causes disease by taking over host cell machinery to rapidly produce identical virus copies, which further infect host cells, disrupting normal cellular function

Question 3

Virion

Answer 3

A single virus particle existing outside a host cell

Question 4

Capsid

Answer 4

Protective protein coat that surrounds the genetic material of a virion

Question 5

Viral envelope

Answer 5

The lipid-based, outermost layer of the capsid on some types of viruses

Question 6

Dormant

Answer 6

When a virus is present within the host but is inactive and therefore not currently causing symptoms associated with the disease

Question 7

Haemagglutinin

Answer 7

A glycoprotein embedded in the viral envelope of the influenza virus; plays an important role in the attachment and entry of the virus into the host cell

Question 8

Neuraminidase

Answer 8

A glycoprotein embedded in the viral envelope of the influenza virus; pays an important role in the detachment of new viral particles from the host cell, freeing them to infect new host cells

Question 9

Epidemiology

Answer 9

A branch of medicine based on the study of disease distribution and control

Question 10

Plasmodesmata

Answer 10

Microscopic channels that connect the cell walls of plant cells, allowing communication and transport between the cells

Question 11

Bacteriophage

Answer 11

A virus that specifically infects bacteria

Question 12

Prion

Answer 12

A pathogenic protein with a mutant structure that can trigger normal proteins to fold abnormally, resulting in disease
cannot be killed by denaturation

Question 13

PrPc

Answer 13

Normal form of the protein associated with prions

Question 14

PrP5c

Answer 14

Disease-causing, mutant prion